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The mineralogy of Sodium

General Properties
Symbol:Na
Atomic Number:11
Standard atomic weight (Ar):22.98976928(2)
Electron configuration:[Ne] 3s1
Photos
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Sodium
>
Atomic Properties
Electronegativity (Pauling scale):0.93
Atomic Radius:190 pm
Ionic Radius:102 pm (+1)
Van der Waals Radius:227 pm
1st Ionization energy:496 kJ/mol
1st Electron affinity:-53 kJ/mol
Oxidation States:-1,1
Physical Properties
Standard State:solid
Bonding Type:metallic
Melting Point:371 K
Boiling Point:1156 K
Density:0.97 g/cm3
Metal/Non-Metal:alkali metal
Main isotopes of Sodium
Isotope% in NatureHalf LifeDecay typeDecay product
22Natrace2.602yβ+22Ne
ε22Ne
β+22Ne
23Na100%stable
Main ions of Sodium
NameIonExample minerals
sodiumNa+Halite
Other Information
Year Discovered:1807
Discovered By:
08556590017362062496397.jpg
Humphry Davy
Named For:From the English "soda"
CPK color coding:#AB5CF2
External Links:WikipediaWebElementsLos Alamos National LaboratoryTheodore Gray's PeriodicTable.com
Simple Compounds and Mineral Names
Sulfidesdisodium sulphideNa2S+1
disodium persulphideNa2S2+1
disodium trisulphideNa2S3+1
disodium hexasulphideNa2S6+1
disodium tetrasulphideNa2S4+1
disodium pentasulphideNa2S5+1
disodium sulphide pentahydrateNa2S · 5H2O+1
disodium sulphide nonahydrateNa2S · 9H2O+1
Selenidesdisodium selenideNa2Se+1
Telluridesdisodium tellurideNa2Te+1
Hydridessodium hydrideNaH+1
Fluoridessodium fluorideNaF+1Villiaumite
Chloridessodium chlorideNaCl+1Halite
Iodidessodium iodideNaI+1
Oxidesdisodium oxideNa2O+1
sodium peroxideNa2O2+1
sodium superoxideNaO2+1
Mineral Diversity of Sodium
2. Sulfides And Sulfosalts 8 valid mineral species
3. Halides33 valid mineral species
4. Oxides 53 valid mineral species
5. Carbonates 74 valid mineral species
6. Borates20 valid mineral species
7. Sulfates 122 valid mineral species
8. Phosphates, Arsenates, Vanadates203 valid mineral species
9. Silicates 557 valid mineral species
10. Organic Compounds10 valid mineral species
Total:1080 valid species containing essential Sodium
Minerals with the greatest weight % of Sodium
Clinoungemachite(Na, K, Fe, SO4)100.00 %
VilliaumiteNaF54.75 %
Gregoryite(Na2,K2,Ca)CO343.38 %
NatriteNa2CO343.38 %
HaliteNaCl39.34 %
KogarkoiteNa3(SO4)F37.48 %
ThermonatriteNa2CO3·H2O37.08 %
SchaireriteNa21(SO4)7ClF637.00 %
OlympiteNa5Li(PO4)236.86 %
GaleiteNa15(SO4)5F4Cl36.82 %
Geochemistry of Sodium
Goldschmidt classification:Lithophile
Na+ is one of the eight most abundant solutes in average river water.
Elemental Abundance for Sodium
Crust (CRC Handbook)2.36 x 10-2mass fraction, kg/kg
Crust (Kaye & Laby)2.3 x 10-2mass fraction, kg/kg
Crust (Greenwood)2.2700 x 10-2mass fraction, kg/kg
Crust (Ahrens/Taylor)2.3000 x 10-2mass fraction, kg/kg
Crust (Ahrens/Wänke)2.4400 x 10-2mass fraction, kg/kg
Crust (Ahrens/Weaver)3.1000 x 10-2mass fraction, kg/kg
Upper Crust (Ahrens/Taylor)2.89 x 10-2mass fraction, kg/kg
Upper Crust (Ahrens/Shaw)2.57 x 10-2mass fraction, kg/kg
Sea Water (CRC Handbook)1.08 x 10-2mass per volume fraction, kg/L
Sea Water (Kaye & Laby)1.1 x 10-2mass per volume fraction, kg/L
The Sun (Kaye & Laby)6.0 x 10-2atom mole fraction relative to Si=1
Solar System (Kaye & Laby)5.7 x 10-2atom mole fraction relative to Si=1
Solar System (Ahrens)5.74 x 10-2 (7.1%)atom mole fraction relative to Si=1 (% uncertainty)
Element association of Sodium in the Mineral World
This table compares the known valid mineral species listed listed with Sodium and the other elements listed based on the official IMA formula. Note that unlike other sections on this page this includes non-essential elements.

The first data column contains the total number of minerals listed with Sodium and the element listed for that row.

The second data column lists this number as a percentage of all minerals listed with Sodium.

The final data column compares this percentage against the percentage of all minerals that contain the element listed in each row.

Click on a heading to sort.
ElementValid Minerals listed with element and Sodium% of Na mineralsRelative to % in all minerals
Oxygen1136 minerals with Na and O97.93%20.67% higher
Hydrogen759 minerals with Na and H65.43%17.30% higher
Silicon621 minerals with Na and Si53.53%93.74% higher
Calcium443 minerals with Na and Ca38.19%53.53% higher
Aluminium338 minerals with Na and Al29.14%46.00% higher
Iron264 minerals with Na and Fe22.76%1.20% higher
Potassium260 minerals with Na and K22.41%124.97% higher
Magnesium227 minerals with Na and Mg19.57%46.42% higher
Fluorine214 minerals with Na and F18.45%133.06% higher
Manganese179 minerals with Na and Mn15.43%32.21% higher
Sulfur173 minerals with Na and S14.91%32.38% lower
Titanium173 minerals with Na and Ti14.91%112.67% higher
Phosphorus165 minerals with Na and P14.22%15.79% higher
Carbon118 minerals with Na and C10.17%24.21% higher
Chlorine97 minerals with Na and Cl8.36%13.01% higher
Zirconium88 minerals with Na and Zr7.59%213.71% higher
Arsenic84 minerals with Na and As7.24%44.27% lower
Barium84 minerals with Na and Ba7.24%55.43% higher
Niobium77 minerals with Na and Nb6.64%117.86% higher
Strontium74 minerals with Na and Sr6.38%126.12% higher
Boron68 minerals with Na and B5.86%16.17% higher
Cerium61 minerals with Na and Ce5.26%69.89% higher
Copper53 minerals with Na and Cu4.57%66.34% lower
Lithium47 minerals with Na and Li4.05%104.33% higher
Uranium41 minerals with Na and U3.53%31.06% lower
Vanadium38 minerals with Na and V3.28%32.04% lower
Yttrium36 minerals with Na and Y3.10%34.62% higher
Beryllium31 minerals with Na and Be2.67%24.64% higher
Zinc26 minerals with Na and Zn2.24%60.28% lower
Nitrogen24 minerals with Na and N2.07%18.77% lower
Lanthanum18 minerals with Na and La1.55%14.59% higher
Lead13 minerals with Na and Pb1.12%89.62% lower
Chromium11 minerals with Na and Cr0.95%48.85% lower
Antimony11 minerals with Na and Sb0.95%83.29% lower
Tantalum10 minerals with Na and Ta0.86%25.73% lower
Molybdenum9 minerals with Na and Mo0.78%50.89% lower
Caesium9 minerals with Na and Cs0.78%45.84% higher
Neodymium9 minerals with Na and Nd0.78%10.88% lower
Thorium9 minerals with Na and Th0.78%17.38% higher
Tungsten6 minerals with Na and W0.52%42.71% lower
Bismuth5 minerals with Na and Bi0.43%89.72% lower
Selenium5 minerals with Na and Se0.43%83.89% lower
Iodine4 minerals with Na and I0.34%35.18% lower
Scandium4 minerals with Na and Sc0.34%20.78% lower
Cobalt3 minerals with Na and Co0.26%79.17% lower
Tin3 minerals with Na and Sn0.26%85.93% lower
Nickel2 minerals with Na and Ni0.17%94.96% lower
Gadolinium1 mineral with Na and Gd0.09%10.88% lower
Dysprosium1 mineral with Na and Dy0.09%78.25% higher
Praseodymium1 mineral with Na and Pr0.09%434.74% higher
Periodic Table
1H 2He
3Li 4Be 5B 6C 7N 8O 9F 10Ne
11Na 12Mg 13Al 14Si 15P 16S 17Cl 18Ar
19K 20Ca 21Sc 22Ti 23V 24Cr 25Mn 26Fe 27Co 28Ni 29Cu 30Zn 31Ga 32Ge 33As 34Se 35Br 36Kr
37Rb 38Sr 39Y 40Zr 41Nb 42Mo 43Tc 44Ru 45Rh 46Pd 47Ag 48Cd 49In 50Sn 51Sb 52Te 53I 54Xe
55Cs 56Ba 57La 72Hf 73Ta 74W 75Re 76Os 77Ir 78Pt 79Au 80Hg 81Tl 82Pb 83Bi 84Po 85At 86Rn
87Fr 88Ra 89Ac 104Rd 105Db 106Sg 107Bh 108Hs 109Mt 110Ds 111Rg 112Cn 113Nh 114Fl 115Mc 116Lv 117Ts 118Og
 
58Ce 59Pr 60Nd 61Pm 62Sm 63Eu 64Gd 65Tb 66Dy 67Ho 68Er 69Tm 70Yb 71Lu
90Th 91Pa 92U 93Np 94Pu 95Am 96Cm 97Bk 98Cf 99Es 100Fm 101Md 102No 103Lr
Default Categories CPK Electronegativity Atomic Radius Lowest Oxidation Highest Oxidation Crustal Abundance Goldschmidt Mineral Species Minerals with Na Relative Frequency
Neon << Sodium >> Magnesium


Most widespread minerals containing Sodium
This list of minerals containing Sodium is built from the mindat.org locality database. This is based on the number of localities entered for mineral species and is therefore slanted towards minerals interesting to collectors with less coverage of common rock-forming-minerals so it does not give an undistorted distribution of Sodium mineral species. It is more useful when comparing rare species rather than common species.
NameFormulaCrystal SystemMindat Localities
AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)Triclinic12443
SchorlNaFe2+3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)Trigonal3244
AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2OTriclinic2397
Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2OMonoclinic1958
AegirineNaFe3+Si2O6Monoclinic1808
HaliteNaClIsometric1803
NephelineNa3K(Al4Si4O16)Hexagonal1800
NatroliteNa2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2OOrthorhombic1584
DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)Trigonal883
Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFe2+cMgd)(Fe3+eAlfFe2+gMgh)Si2O6Monoclinic815
Photos
08252210017271923213728.jpg
Albite

Poudrette quarry, Mont Saint-Hilaire, La Vallée-du-Richelieu RCM, Montérégie, Québec, Canada

09764370017271926521490.jpg
Schorl, etc.

Davib Ost Farm 61, Karibib Constituency, Erongo Region, Namibia

09491740017271920917623.jpg
Analcime

Katraj, Pune District, Pune Division, Maharashtra, India

04299120017271925302368.jpg
Montmorillonite

Sanders-Defiance Plateau area, Apache County, Arizona, USA

08252210017271923213728.jpg
Albite

Poudrette quarry, Mont Saint-Hilaire, La Vallée-du-Richelieu RCM, Montérégie, Québec, Canada

09663550017272004158617.jpg
Schorl, etc.

Davib Ost Farm 61, Karibib Constituency, Erongo Region, Namibia
09491740017271920917623.jpg
Analcime

Katraj, Pune District, Pune Division, Maharashtra, India
04299120017271925302368.jpg
Montmorillonite

Sanders-Defiance Plateau area, Apache County, Arizona, USA
04064060017271923319884.jpg
Albite

Poudrette quarry, Mont Saint-Hilaire, La Vallée-du-Richelieu RCM, Montérégie, Québec, Canada
09764370017271926521490.jpg
Schorl, etc.

Davib Ost Farm 61, Karibib Constituency, Erongo Region, Namibia
09491740017271920917623.jpg
Analcime

Katraj, Pune District, Pune Division, Maharashtra, India
07162460017271925413308.jpg
Montmorillonite

Sanders-Defiance Plateau area, Apache County, Arizona, USA

Localities with greatest number of different Sodium mineral species
1Poudrette quarry (De-Mix quarry; Demix quarry; Uni-Mix quarry; Carrière Mont Saint-Hilaire; MSH), Mont Saint-Hilaire, La Vallée-du-Richelieu RCM, Montérégie, Québec, Canada215 Na minerals
2Alluaiv Mountain, Lovozersky District, Murmansk Oblast, Russia90 Na minerals
IlĂ­maussaq complex, Kujalleq, Greenland82 Na minerals
4Karnasurt Mountain, Lovozersky District, Murmansk Oblast, Russia78 Na minerals
5Kukisvumchorr Mt, Murmansk Oblast, Russia73 Na minerals
6Koashva Open Pit, Koashva Mt, Murmansk Oblast, Russia72 Na minerals
Lovozero Massif, Murmansk Oblast, Russia69 Na minerals
8Demix-Varennes quarry, Saint-Amable sill, Varennes & St-Amable, Lajemmerais RCM, Montérégie, Québec, Canada67 Na minerals
 
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To cite: Ralph, J., Von Bargen, D., Martynov, P., Zhang, J., Que, X., Prabhu, A., Morrison, S. M., Li, W., Chen, W., & Ma, X. (2025). Mindat.org: The open access mineralogy database to accelerate data-intensive geoscience research. American Mineralogist, 110(6), 833–844. doi:10.2138/am-2024-9486.
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