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Torre di Rio - Santa Filomena area (Monte della Torre), Rio Marina, Rio, Livorno Province, Tuscany, Italy i
Regional Level Types
Torre di Rio - Santa Filomena area (Monte della Torre) Cliff
Rio Marina Commune (Former)
Rio Commune
Livorno Province Province
Tuscany Region
Italy Country

Regional Level Types
Torre di Rio - Santa Filomena area (Monte della Torre)	Cliff
Rio Marina	Commune (Former)
Rio	Commune
Livorno Province	Province
Tuscany	Region
Italy	Country

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Panorama from the marina

Torre di Rio - Santa Filomena area, Rio Marina, Rio, Livorno Province, Tuscany, Italy

Torre di Rio

Torre di Rio - Santa Filomena area, Rio Marina, Rio, Livorno Province, Tuscany, Italy

Big Hedenbergite

Torre di Rio - Santa Filomena area, Rio Marina, Rio, Livorno Province, Tuscany, Italy

Panorama from the marina

Torre di Rio - Santa Filomena area, Rio Marina, Rio, Livorno Province, Tuscany, Italy

Torre di Rio

Torre di Rio - Santa Filomena area, Rio Marina, Rio, Livorno Province, Tuscany, Italy

Big Hedenbergite

Torre di Rio - Santa Filomena area, Rio Marina, Rio, Livorno Province, Tuscany, Italy

Panorama from the marina

Torre di Rio - Santa Filomena area, Rio Marina, Rio, Livorno Province, Tuscany, Italy

Torre di Rio

Torre di Rio - Santa Filomena area, Rio Marina, Rio, Livorno Province, Tuscany, Italy

Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):

42° 48' 48'' North , 10° 25' 46'' East

Latitude & Longitude (decimal):

Type:

Köppen climate type:

Csa : Hot-summer Mediterranean climate

Nearest Settlements:

Place	Population	Distance
Rio Marina	1,220 (2014)	0.3km
Rio nell'Elba	782 (2014)	2.3km
Bagnaia	231 (2014)	5.4km
Cavo	620 (2014)	5.5km
Porto Azzurro	3,088 (2014)	5.8km

Mindat Locality ID:

2153

Long-form identifier:

mindat:1:2:2153:4

GUID (UUID V4):

Name(s) in local language(s):

Torre di Rio - Santa Filomena (Monte della Torre), Rio Marina, Isola d'Elba, Livorno,Toscana, Italia

Torre di Rio is the cliff immediately south of Rio Marina harbour, cut by the road (here for pedestrians only) leading to Porticciolo. Santa Filomena is a place beside the road, 40 m above the cliff. In some older references, this area is named "Monte della Torre": this is the hill above Santa Filomena.

Characteristics of a historical, subeconomic Fe skarn formed in the Island of Elba, Italy, which does not fit the zoned skarn model and is characterized by the unique feature of being completely devoid of any garnet. the Torre di Rio skarn formed from an early pyrrhotite-sulfide-ilvaite paragenetic stage, which was followed by hedenbergite-ilvaite, hedenbergite-epidote, and magnetite-hematite-sulfide-quartz (chalcedony)-calcite (geode) stages. Formation of limonite at the expense of mainly Fe oxides marked the end of the paragenesis. Porto Azzurro monzogranite.
Genesis by mixing of crustal acid and mafic end-member magmas. Crustal end-member shows high 87Sr/86Sr, while mafic end-member has a calc-alkaline affinity.

The area forms part of the "Rio Marina Skarns", which are mainly composed of massive hedenbergite and ilvaite.

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Mineral List

27 valid minerals. 1 (TL) - type locality of valid minerals.

Rock Types Recorded

Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!

Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

Detailed Mineral List:

ⓘ Albite

Formula: Na(AlSi₃O₈)

References:

Garofalo, Paolo S., Redi, Daniele, Malafeevskiy, Nikita, Schwarz, Gunnar, Neff, Christoph, Schmidt, Peter Keresztes, Günther, Detlef (2025) Failed genesis of a Fe-skarn deposit caused by redox states of intrusion and wall rocks (Torre di Rio, Island of Elba, Italy). Ore Geology Reviews, 177. 106446 doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.106446

ⓘ Allanite-(Ce)

Formula: (CaCe)(AlAlFe²⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)

References:

ⓘ 'Allanite Group'

Formula: (A1²⁺REE³⁺)(M1³⁺M2³⁺M3²⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)

References:

ⓘ Annite

Formula: KFe²⁺₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂

References:

ⓘ 'Apatite'

Formula: Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)

References:

ⓘ Arsenopyrite

Formula: FeAsS

References:

F. Millosevich (1914) - I 5000 Elbani del Museo di Firenze - R. Ist. Studi Sup.,Pratici e Perf. Firenze.

ⓘ 'Biotite'

Formula: K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂

References:

ⓘ Calcite

Formula: CaCO₃

References:

ⓘ Celadonite

Formula: K(MgFe³⁺◻)(Si₄O₁₀)(OH)₂

References:

ⓘ Chalcopyrite

Formula: CuFeS₂

References:

ⓘ 'Chlorite Group'

References:

De Michele, V. (1974) Guida mineralogica d'Italia. Istituto Geografico De Agostini.

ⓘ 'Clinopyroxene Subgroup'

References:

ⓘ Clinozoisite

Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)

References:

ⓘ Cobaltite

Formula: CoAsS

References:

M. Moresi, F. Quagliarella Asciano 1973 - Cobaltite negli skarn di Torre di Rio (Isola d'Elba) - Period. Mineral., 42, 173-182.

ⓘ Epidote

Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)

References:

De Michele, V. (1974) Guida mineralogica d'Italia. Istituto Geografico De Agostini.

ⓘ 'Feldspar Group'

References:

ⓘ Galena

Formula: PbS

References:

ⓘ Hedenbergite

Formula: CaFe²⁺Si₂O₆

References:

De Michele, V. (1974) Guida mineralogica d'Italia. Istituto Geografico De Agostini.

ⓘ Hematite

Formula: Fe₂O₃

References:

✪ Ilvaite (TL)

Formula: CaFe³⁺Fe²⁺₂(Si₂O₇)O(OH)

Type Locality:

Description: Named Yénite by Lelièvre in 1807. The actual name is due to Steffens (1811), and become usual in the 2nd half of XIX century.

References:

Lelièvre, C.H. (1807) De la yénite, nouvelle substance minérale. Journal des Mines, 21, 65-74. [As yenite] http://annales.ensmp.fr/articles/1807-1/33-39.pdf

ⓘ 'K Feldspar'

References:

ⓘ 'Limonite'

References:

ⓘ Magnetite

Formula: Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄

References:

De Michele, V. (1974) Guida mineralogica d'Italia. Istituto Geografico De Agostini.

ⓘ Manganilvaite

Formula: CaFe²⁺Fe³⁺Mn²⁺(Si₂O₇)O(OH)

References:

ⓘ Muscovite

Formula: KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂

References:

ⓘ Muscovite var. Phengite

Formula: KAl_1.5(Mg,Fe)_0.5(Al_0.5Si_3.5O₁₀)(OH)₂

References:

ⓘ Native Bismuth

Formula: Bi

References:

ⓘ Native Lead

Formula: Pb

References:

ⓘ Opal

Formula: SiO₂ · nH₂O

References:

Barsotti, G., & Nannoni, R. (2006). Rocce, minerali e miniere delle isole dell'Arcipelago Toscano. Pacini editore, 152 pp.

ⓘ Orthoclase

Formula: K(AlSi₃O₈)

References:

ⓘ Paragonite

Formula: NaAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂

References:

ⓘ Pyrite

Formula: FeS₂

References:

Panichi, U. (1909) Sulla Pirite dell'Elba. Rivista di Mineralogia e Cristallografia Italiana, 38. 12-35

F. Millosevich (1914) - I 5000 Elbani del Museo di Firenze - R. Ist. Studi Sup.,Pratici e Perf. Firenze.

ⓘ 'Pyroxene Group'

Formula: ADSi₂O₆

References:

ⓘ Pyrrhotite

Formula: Fe_1-xS

References:

Panichi, U. (1909) Sulla Pirite dell'Elba. Rivista di Mineralogia e Cristallografia Italiana, 38. 12-35

F. Millosevich (1914) - I 5000 Elbani del Museo di Firenze - R. Ist. Studi Sup.,Pratici e Perf. Firenze.

ⓘ Quartz

Formula: SiO₂

References:

ⓘ Quartz var. Amethyst

Formula: SiO₂

References:

Matteo Chinellato collection

ⓘ Quartz var. Chalcedony

Formula: SiO₂

References:

ⓘ Quartz var. Prase

Formula: SiO₂

References:

De Michele, V. (1974) Guida mineralogica d'Italia. Istituto Geografico De Agostini.

ⓘ Rutile

Formula: TiO₂

References:

ⓘ Sphalerite

Formula: ZnS

References:

ⓘ 'White mica'

References:

Gallery:

(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)ⓘ Epidote

Epidote

Torre di Rio - Santa Filomena area, Rio Marina, Rio, Livorno Province, Tuscany, Italy

Epidote

Torre di Rio - Santa Filomena area, Rio Marina, Rio, Livorno Province, Tuscany, Italy

Epidote

Torre di Rio - Santa Filomena area, Rio Marina, Rio, Livorno Province, Tuscany, Italy

Fe₂O₃ⓘ Hematite

Hematite

Torre di Rio - Santa Filomena area, Rio Marina, Rio, Livorno Province, Tuscany, Italy

Hematite

Torre di Rio - Santa Filomena area, Rio Marina, Rio, Livorno Province, Tuscany, Italy

Hematite

Torre di Rio - Santa Filomena area, Rio Marina, Rio, Livorno Province, Tuscany, Italy

SiO₂ⓘ Quartz

Quartz, etc.

Torre di Rio - Santa Filomena area, Rio Marina, Rio, Livorno Province, Tuscany, Italy

Quartz, etc.

Torre di Rio - Santa Filomena area, Rio Marina, Rio, Livorno Province, Tuscany, Italy

Quartz, etc.

Torre di Rio - Santa Filomena area, Rio Marina, Rio, Livorno Province, Tuscany, Italy

SiO₂ⓘ Quartz var. Prase

Prase

Torre di Rio - Santa Filomena area, Rio Marina, Rio, Livorno Province, Tuscany, Italy

Prase

Torre di Rio - Santa Filomena area, Rio Marina, Rio, Livorno Province, Tuscany, Italy

Prase

Torre di Rio - Santa Filomena area, Rio Marina, Rio, Livorno Province, Tuscany, Italy

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 1 - Elements
ⓘ	Native Lead	1.AA.05	Pb
ⓘ	Native Bismuth	1.CA.05	Bi
Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
ⓘ	Sphalerite	2.CB.05a	ZnS
ⓘ	Chalcopyrite	2.CB.10a	CuFeS₂
ⓘ	Pyrrhotite	2.CC.10	Fe_1-xS
ⓘ	Galena	2.CD.10	PbS
ⓘ	Pyrite	2.EB.05a	FeS₂
ⓘ	Arsenopyrite	2.EB.20	FeAsS
ⓘ	Cobaltite	2.EB.25	CoAsS
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘ	Magnetite	4.BB.05	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄
ⓘ	Hematite	4.CB.05	Fe₂O₃
ⓘ	Quartz var. Amethyst	4.DA.05	SiO₂
ⓘ	var. Chalcedony	4.DA.05	SiO₂
ⓘ		4.DA.05	SiO₂
ⓘ	var. Prase	4.DA.05	SiO₂
ⓘ	Opal	4.DA.10	SiO₂ · nH₂O
ⓘ	Rutile	4.DB.05	TiO₂
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
ⓘ	Calcite	5.AB.05	CaCO₃
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘ	Ilvaite (TL)	9.BE.07	CaFe³⁺Fe²⁺₂(Si₂O₇)O(OH)
ⓘ	Manganilvaite	9.BE.07	CaFe²⁺Fe³⁺Mn²⁺(Si₂O₇)O(OH)
ⓘ	Clinozoisite	9.BG.05a	(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
ⓘ	Epidote	9.BG.05a	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
ⓘ	Allanite-(Ce)	9.BG.05b	(CaCe)(AlAlFe²⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
ⓘ	Hedenbergite	9.DA.15	CaFe²⁺Si₂O₆
ⓘ	Celadonite	9.EC.15	K(MgFe³⁺◻)(Si₄O₁₀)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Muscovite	9.EC.15	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Paragonite	9.EC.15	NaAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Muscovite var. Phengite	9.EC.15	KAl_1.5(Mg,Fe)_0.5(Al_0.5Si_3.5O₁₀)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Annite	9.EC.20	KFe²⁺₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Orthoclase	9.FA.30	K(AlSi₃O₈)
ⓘ	Albite	9.FA.35	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Unclassified
ⓘ	'Biotite'	-	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
ⓘ	'Chlorite Group'	-
ⓘ	'Feldspar Group'	-
ⓘ	'Limonite'	-
ⓘ	'Clinopyroxene Subgroup'	-
ⓘ	'K Feldspar'	-
ⓘ	'Pyroxene Group'	-	ADSi₂O₆
ⓘ	'Apatite'	-	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
ⓘ	'Allanite Group'	-	(A1²⁺REE³⁺)(M1³⁺M2³⁺M3²⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
ⓘ	'White mica'	-

List of minerals for each chemical element

H	Hydrogen
H	ⓘ Allanite-(Ce)	(CaCe)(AlAlFe²⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
H	ⓘ Annite	KFe₃²⁺(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
H	ⓘ Celadonite	K(MgFe³⁺◻)(Si₄O₁₀)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Clinozoisite	(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
H	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
H	ⓘ Ilvaite	CaFe³⁺Fe₂²⁺(Si₂O₇)O(OH)
H	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Opal	SiO₂ · nH₂O
H	ⓘ Paragonite	NaAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Muscovite var. Phengite	KAl_1.5(Mg,Fe)_0.5(Al_0.5Si_3.5O₁₀)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Manganilvaite	CaFe²⁺Fe³⁺Mn²⁺(Si₂O₇)O(OH)
H	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
H	ⓘ Allanite Group	(A1²⁺REE³⁺)(M1³⁺M2³⁺M3²⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
C	Carbon
C	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
O	Oxygen
O	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
O	ⓘ Allanite-(Ce)	(CaCe)(AlAlFe²⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
O	ⓘ Quartz var. Amethyst	SiO₂
O	ⓘ Annite	KFe₃²⁺(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
O	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
O	ⓘ Celadonite	K(MgFe³⁺◻)(Si₄O₁₀)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Quartz var. Chalcedony	SiO₂
O	ⓘ Clinozoisite	(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
O	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
O	ⓘ Hedenbergite	CaFe²⁺Si₂O₆
O	ⓘ Hematite	Fe₂O₃
O	ⓘ Ilvaite	CaFe³⁺Fe₂²⁺(Si₂O₇)O(OH)
O	ⓘ Magnetite	Fe²⁺Fe₂³⁺O₄
O	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Opal	SiO₂ · nH₂O
O	ⓘ Orthoclase	K(AlSi₃O₈)
O	ⓘ Paragonite	NaAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Muscovite var. Phengite	KAl_1.5(Mg,Fe)_0.5(Al_0.5Si_3.5O₁₀)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Quartz	SiO₂
O	ⓘ Rutile	TiO₂
O	ⓘ Quartz var. Prase	SiO₂
O	ⓘ Pyroxene Group	ADSi₂O₆
O	ⓘ Manganilvaite	CaFe²⁺Fe³⁺Mn²⁺(Si₂O₇)O(OH)
O	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
O	ⓘ Allanite Group	(A1²⁺REE³⁺)(M1³⁺M2³⁺M3²⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
F	Fluorine
F	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
F	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
Na	Sodium
Na	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Na	ⓘ Paragonite	NaAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Mg	Magnesium
Mg	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Mg	ⓘ Celadonite	K(MgFe³⁺◻)(Si₄O₁₀)(OH)₂
Mg	ⓘ Muscovite var. Phengite	KAl_1.5(Mg,Fe)_0.5(Al_0.5Si_3.5O₁₀)(OH)₂
Al	Aluminium
Al	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Al	ⓘ Allanite-(Ce)	(CaCe)(AlAlFe²⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Al	ⓘ Annite	KFe₃²⁺(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Al	ⓘ Clinozoisite	(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Al	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Al	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Orthoclase	K(AlSi₃O₈)
Al	ⓘ Paragonite	NaAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Muscovite var. Phengite	KAl_1.5(Mg,Fe)_0.5(Al_0.5Si_3.5O₁₀)(OH)₂
Si	Silicon
Si	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Si	ⓘ Allanite-(Ce)	(CaCe)(AlAlFe²⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Si	ⓘ Quartz var. Amethyst	SiO₂
Si	ⓘ Annite	KFe₃²⁺(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Si	ⓘ Celadonite	K(MgFe³⁺◻)(Si₄O₁₀)(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Quartz var. Chalcedony	SiO₂
Si	ⓘ Clinozoisite	(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Si	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Si	ⓘ Hedenbergite	CaFe²⁺Si₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Ilvaite	CaFe³⁺Fe₂²⁺(Si₂O₇)O(OH)
Si	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Opal	SiO₂ · nH₂O
Si	ⓘ Orthoclase	K(AlSi₃O₈)
Si	ⓘ Paragonite	NaAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Muscovite var. Phengite	KAl_1.5(Mg,Fe)_0.5(Al_0.5Si_3.5O₁₀)(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Quartz	SiO₂
Si	ⓘ Quartz var. Prase	SiO₂
Si	ⓘ Pyroxene Group	ADSi₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Manganilvaite	CaFe²⁺Fe³⁺Mn²⁺(Si₂O₇)O(OH)
Si	ⓘ Allanite Group	(A1²⁺REE³⁺)(M1³⁺M2³⁺M3²⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
P	Phosphorus
P	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
S	Sulfur
S	ⓘ Arsenopyrite	FeAsS
S	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
S	ⓘ Cobaltite	CoAsS
S	ⓘ Galena	PbS
S	ⓘ Pyrite	FeS₂
S	ⓘ Pyrrhotite	Fe_1-xS
S	ⓘ Sphalerite	ZnS
Cl	Chlorine
Cl	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
K	Potassium
K	ⓘ Annite	KFe₃²⁺(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
K	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
K	ⓘ Celadonite	K(MgFe³⁺◻)(Si₄O₁₀)(OH)₂
K	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
K	ⓘ Orthoclase	K(AlSi₃O₈)
K	ⓘ Muscovite var. Phengite	KAl_1.5(Mg,Fe)_0.5(Al_0.5Si_3.5O₁₀)(OH)₂
Ca	Calcium
Ca	ⓘ Allanite-(Ce)	(CaCe)(AlAlFe²⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Ca	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
Ca	ⓘ Clinozoisite	(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Ca	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Ca	ⓘ Hedenbergite	CaFe²⁺Si₂O₆
Ca	ⓘ Ilvaite	CaFe³⁺Fe₂²⁺(Si₂O₇)O(OH)
Ca	ⓘ Manganilvaite	CaFe²⁺Fe³⁺Mn²⁺(Si₂O₇)O(OH)
Ca	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
Ti	Titanium
Ti	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Ti	ⓘ Rutile	TiO₂
Mn	Manganese
Mn	ⓘ Manganilvaite	CaFe²⁺Fe³⁺Mn²⁺(Si₂O₇)O(OH)
Fe	Iron
Fe	ⓘ Allanite-(Ce)	(CaCe)(AlAlFe²⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Fe	ⓘ Annite	KFe₃²⁺(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Fe	ⓘ Arsenopyrite	FeAsS
Fe	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Fe	ⓘ Celadonite	K(MgFe³⁺◻)(Si₄O₁₀)(OH)₂
Fe	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
Fe	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Fe	ⓘ Hedenbergite	CaFe²⁺Si₂O₆
Fe	ⓘ Hematite	Fe₂O₃
Fe	ⓘ Ilvaite	CaFe³⁺Fe₂²⁺(Si₂O₇)O(OH)
Fe	ⓘ Magnetite	Fe²⁺Fe₂³⁺O₄
Fe	ⓘ Muscovite var. Phengite	KAl_1.5(Mg,Fe)_0.5(Al_0.5Si_3.5O₁₀)(OH)₂
Fe	ⓘ Pyrite	FeS₂
Fe	ⓘ Pyrrhotite	Fe_1-xS
Fe	ⓘ Manganilvaite	CaFe²⁺Fe³⁺Mn²⁺(Si₂O₇)O(OH)
Co	Cobalt
Co	ⓘ Cobaltite	CoAsS
Cu	Copper
Cu	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
Zn	Zinc
Zn	ⓘ Sphalerite	ZnS
As	Arsenic
As	ⓘ Arsenopyrite	FeAsS
As	ⓘ Cobaltite	CoAsS
Ce	Cerium
Ce	ⓘ Allanite-(Ce)	(CaCe)(AlAlFe²⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Pb	Lead
Pb	ⓘ Galena	PbS
Pb	ⓘ Native Lead	Pb
Bi	Bismuth
Bi	ⓘ Native Bismuth	Bi

Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

Eurasian PlateTectonic Plate

Campanian ArcVolcanic Arc

Italy

Tuscany
- Livorno Province
  - Elba IslandIsland

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References

Panichi, U. (1909) Sulla Pirite dell'Elba. Rivista di Mineralogia e Cristallografia Italiana, 38. 12-35

De Michele, V. (1974) Guida mineralogica d'Italia. Istituto Geografico De Agostini.

[1]Garofalo, Paolo S., Redi, Daniele, Malafeevskiy, Nikita, Schwarz, Gunnar, Neff, Christoph, Schmidt, Peter Keresztes, Günther, Detlef (2025) Failed genesis of a Fe-skarn deposit caused by redox states of intrusion and wall rocks (Torre di Rio, Island of Elba, Italy). Ore Geology Reviews, 177. 106446 doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.106446

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Torre di Rio - Santa Filomena area (Monte della Torre), Rio Marina, Rio, Livorno Province, Tuscany, ItalyiRegional Level TypesTorre di Rio - Santa Filomena area (Monte della Torre)Cliff Rio MarinaCommune (Former) RioCommune Livorno ProvinceProvince TuscanyRegion ItalyCountry

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Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

References

Torre di Rio - Santa Filomena area (Monte della Torre), Rio Marina, Rio, Livorno Province, Tuscany, Italy i
Regional Level Types
Torre di Rio - Santa Filomena area (Monte della Torre) Cliff
Rio Marina Commune (Former)
Rio Commune
Livorno Province Province
Tuscany Region
Italy Country