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The Geysers, West Mayacmas Mining District, Sonoma County, California, USAi
Regional Level Types
The GeysersGeothermal Field
West Mayacmas Mining DistrictMining District
Sonoma CountyCounty
CaliforniaState
USACountry

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05356210017272011313405.jpg
Mascagnite

The Geysers, West Mayacmas Mining District, Sonoma County, California, USA
06185320017272011324278.jpg
Letovicite, etc.

The Geysers, West Mayacmas Mining District, Sonoma County, California, USA
05015570017272011342537.jpg
Boussingaultite

The Geysers, West Mayacmas Mining District, Sonoma County, California, USA
05356210017272011313405.jpg
Mascagnite

The Geysers, West Mayacmas Mining District, Sonoma County, California, USA
06185320017272011324278.jpg
Letovicite, etc.

The Geysers, West Mayacmas Mining District, Sonoma County, California, USA
05015570017272011342537.jpg
Boussingaultite

The Geysers, West Mayacmas Mining District, Sonoma County, California, USA
03147040017272011475920.jpg
Mascagnite

The Geysers, West Mayacmas Mining District, Sonoma County, California, USA
06185320017272011324278.jpg
Letovicite, etc.

The Geysers, West Mayacmas Mining District, Sonoma County, California, USA
Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
38ยฐ 48' 6'' North , 122ยฐ 48' 11'' West
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
38.80194,-122.80306
GeoHash:
G#: 9qbstx9t9
GRN:
N26W70
Type:
Geothermal Field
Kรถppen climate type:
Csb : Warm-summer Mediterranean climate
Mindat Locality ID:
3575
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:2:3575:3
GUID (UUID V4):
0


A geothermal/evaporite deposit located about 12 miles (ca. 19 km) due E of Cloverdale.

The Geysers geothermal area consists of a series of steam vents along Geyser Creek Canyon, where high sulfuric acid waters have deposited a variety of sulfate minerals. The area is now not active and minerals are not being formed.

The Geysers are the world's largest geothermal field, containing a complex of 18 geothermal power plants, drawing steam from more than 350 wells, located in the Mayacamas Mountains approximately 72 miles (ca. 116 km) north of San Francisco, California.

The Geysers produced about 20% of California's renewable energy in 2019.

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Commodity List

This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded from this region.


Mineral List

Mineral list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities

34 valid minerals. 1 (TL) - type locality of valid minerals.

Rock Types Recorded

Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!

Rock list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities

Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram


Detailed Mineral List:

โ“˜ Alum-(K)
Formula: KAl(SO4)2 ยท 12H2O
โ“˜ Alunite
Formula: KAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Description: In 3-9 cm thick veins near Lemonade Springs where it appeared hard and porcelaneous with a smooth fracture, and nearby in veins with greater witdth- where it appeared soft and resembled white clay. (Dunning & Cooper 1993)
โ“˜ Alunogen
Formula: Al2(SO4)3 ยท 17H2O
Habit: Fine fibrous silky tufts & thick incrustation
โ“˜ Ammonioalunite (TL)
Formula: (NH4)Al3(SO4)2(OH)6
Type Locality:
Colour: grayish white
Description: Discovered and described by Altaner et al (1988) from a single specimen in the Smithsonian Museum (NMNH 145596) where it was idetified in a physical mixture of ammonioalunite, ammoniojarosite, and amorphous silica.
โ“˜ Ammoniojarosite
Formula: (NH4)Fe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6
Colour: brownish orange
Description: Found on wall rock at Devil's Pulpit
โ“˜ Boussingaultite
Formula: (NH4)2Mg(SO4)2 ยท 6H2O
โ“˜ Calcite
Formula: CaCO3
โ“˜ Cinnabar
Formula: HgS
โ“˜ Datolite
Formula: CaB(SiO4)(OH)
โ“˜ Epidote
Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
โ“˜ Epsomite
Formula: MgSO4 ยท 7H2O
Habit: powdery
Colour: white; pale green
Description: Occurs as incrustations and stalactites.
โ“˜ 'Garnet Group'
Formula: X3Z2(SiO4)3
โ“˜ Gypsum
Formula: CaSO4 ยท 2H2O
Habit: Long fibers & small poorly terminated crystals
Description: Found only once in an open fissure with opal, cinnabar and a yellow iron sulphate
โ“˜ Halotrichite
Formula: FeAl2(SO4)4 ยท 22H2O
Colour: yellowish white
Description: Reportedly rich in Ni; occurs sparingly.
โ“˜ Kalinite
Formula: KAl(SO4)2 ยท 11H2O
โ“˜ Kaolinite
Formula: Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4
โ“˜ Kaoliniteย var. Chrome-Kaolinite
Formula: (Al,Cr)2(Si2O5)(OH)4
โ“˜ Letovicite
Formula: (NH4)3H(SO4)2
Habit: masses of pseudohexagonal crystals 0.03 by 0.05 mm and 0.0005mm thick
Colour: Colourless
Description: Occurs as platy micro-crystals on massive mascagnite from Boric Acid Springs along Geyser Creek Canyon.
โ“˜ Mascagnite
Formula: (NH4)2SO4
Habit: As incrustations and nodules (some with a coarse fibrous interior)
Description: Occurs as incrustations and nodules during early summer months in the upper part of Geyser Creek Canyon.
โ“˜ Melanterite
Formula: Fe2+(H2O)6SO4 ยท H2O
Description: Occurs sparingly.
โ“˜ Mercury
Formula: Hg
Description: Native Hg was the only ore here.
โ“˜ Metacinnabar
Formula: HgS
โ“˜ Metastibnite
Formula: Sb2S3
Colour: Red
Description: Occurs as coatings in cracks of siliceous sinter.
โ“˜ Opal
Formula: SiO2 ยท nH2O
Description: Occurs as crusts of delicate capillary fibers.
โ“˜ Pectolite
Formula: NaCa2Si3O8(OH)
Description: Widely distributed in narrow veins.
โ“˜ Pentahydrite
Formula: MgSO4 ยท 5H2O
Description: Granular pseudomorphs of pentahydrite after epsomite
โ“˜ Pickeringite
Formula: MgAl2(SO4)4 ยท 22H2O
โ“˜ Prehnite
Formula: Ca2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
โ“˜ Pyrite
Formula: FeS2
Habit: smears
Colour: brass-yellow
โ“˜ Sassolite
Formula: H3BO3
Habit: Tiny transparent flakes
Description: One specimen of tiny, transparent flakes.
โ“˜ Stellerite
Formula: Ca4(Si28Al8)O72 ยท 28H2O
โ“˜ Sulphur
Formula: S8
โ“˜ Titanite
Formula: CaTi(SiO4)O
โ“˜ Tschermigite
Formula: (NH4)Al(SO4)2 ยท 12H2O
โ“˜ Voltaite
Formula: K2Fe2+5Fe3+3Al(SO4)12 ยท 18H2O
Colour: Black
Description: Occurs as crusts.
โ“˜ Wairakite
Formula: Ca(Al2Si4O12) ยท 2H2O
Description: Occurs lining cavities and fractures of graywacke erupted from a steam well.

Gallery:

(NH4)2Mg(SO4)2 ยท 6H2Oโ“˜ Boussingaultite
trans.png
Boussingaultite

The Geysers, West Mayacmas Mining District, Sonoma County, California, USA

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Boussingaultite

The Geysers, West Mayacmas Mining District, Sonoma County, California, USA

trans.png
Boussingaultite

The Geysers, West Mayacmas Mining District, Sonoma County, California, USA

trans.png
Boussingaultite

The Geysers, West Mayacmas Mining District, Sonoma County, California, USA

trans.png
Boussingaultite

The Geysers, West Mayacmas Mining District, Sonoma County, California, USA

trans.png
Boussingaultite

The Geysers, West Mayacmas Mining District, Sonoma County, California, USA

(NH4)3H(SO4)2โ“˜ Letovicite
trans.png
Letovicite, etc.

The Geysers, West Mayacmas Mining District, Sonoma County, California, USA

trans.png
Letovicite, etc.

The Geysers, West Mayacmas Mining District, Sonoma County, California, USA

trans.png
Letovicite, etc.

The Geysers, West Mayacmas Mining District, Sonoma County, California, USA

(NH4)2SO4โ“˜ Mascagnite
trans.png
Mascagnite

The Geysers, West Mayacmas Mining District, Sonoma County, California, USA

trans.png
Mascagnite

The Geysers, West Mayacmas Mining District, Sonoma County, California, USA

trans.png
Mascagnite

The Geysers, West Mayacmas Mining District, Sonoma County, California, USA

trans.png
Mascagnite

The Geysers, West Mayacmas Mining District, Sonoma County, California, USA
trans.png
Mascagnite

The Geysers, West Mayacmas Mining District, Sonoma County, California, USA
trans.png
Mascagnite

The Geysers, West Mayacmas Mining District, Sonoma County, California, USA
trans.png
Mascagnite

The Geysers, West Mayacmas Mining District, Sonoma County, California, USA
trans.png
Mascagnite

The Geysers, West Mayacmas Mining District, Sonoma County, California, USA

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 1 - Elements
โ“˜Mercury1.AD.05Hg
โ“˜Sulphur1.CC.05S8
Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
โ“˜Metacinnabar2.CB.05aHgS
โ“˜Cinnabar2.CD.15aHgS
โ“˜Metastibnite2.DB.05Sb2S3
โ“˜Pyrite2.EB.05aFeS2
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
โ“˜Opal4.DA.10SiO2 ยท nH2O
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
โ“˜Calcite5.AB.05CaCO3
Group 6 - Borates
โ“˜Sassolite6.AA.05H3BO3
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
โ“˜Mascagnite7.AD.05(NH4)2SO4
โ“˜Letovicite7.AD.20(NH4)3H(SO4)2
โ“˜Alunite7.BC.10KAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
โ“˜Ammonioalunite (TL)7.BC.10(NH4)Al3(SO4)2(OH)6
โ“˜Ammoniojarosite7.BC.10(NH4)Fe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6
โ“˜Pentahydrite7.CB.20MgSO4 ยท 5H2O
โ“˜Melanterite7.CB.35Fe2+(H2O)6SO4 ยท H2O
โ“˜Epsomite7.CB.40MgSO4 ยท 7H2O
โ“˜Alunogen7.CB.45Al2(SO4)3 ยท 17H2O
โ“˜Halotrichite7.CB.85FeAl2(SO4)4 ยท 22H2O
โ“˜Pickeringite7.CB.85MgAl2(SO4)4 ยท 22H2O
โ“˜Kalinite7.CC.15KAl(SO4)2 ยท 11H2O
โ“˜Alum-(K)7.CC.20KAl(SO4)2 ยท 12H2O
โ“˜Tschermigite7.CC.20(NH4)Al(SO4)2 ยท 12H2O
โ“˜Voltaite7.CC.25K2Fe2+5Fe3+3Al(SO4)12 ยท 18H2O
โ“˜Boussingaultite7.CC.60(NH4)2Mg(SO4)2 ยท 6H2O
โ“˜Gypsum7.CD.40CaSO4 ยท 2H2O
Group 9 - Silicates
โ“˜Titanite9.AG.15CaTi(SiO4)O
โ“˜Datolite9.AJ.20CaB(SiO4)(OH)
โ“˜Epidote9.BG.05a(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
โ“˜Pectolite9.DG.05NaCa2Si3O8(OH)
โ“˜Prehnite9.DP.20Ca2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
โ“˜Kaolinite9.ED.05Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4
โ“˜var. Chrome-Kaolinite9.ED.05(Al,Cr)2(Si2O5)(OH)4
โ“˜Wairakite9.GB.05Ca(Al2Si4O12) ยท 2H2O
โ“˜Stellerite9.GE.15Ca4(Si28Al8)O72 ยท 28H2O
Unclassified
โ“˜'Garnet Group'-X3Z2(SiO4)3

List of minerals for each chemical element

HHydrogen
Hโ“˜ AluniteKAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Hโ“˜ AlunogenAl2(SO4)3 ยท 17H2O
Hโ“˜ Ammonioalunite(NH4)Al3(SO4)2(OH)6
Hโ“˜ Ammoniojarosite(NH4)Fe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Hโ“˜ Boussingaultite(NH4)2Mg(SO4)2 ยท 6H2O
Hโ“˜ DatoliteCaB(SiO4)(OH)
Hโ“˜ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Hโ“˜ EpsomiteMgSO4 ยท 7H2O
Hโ“˜ GypsumCaSO4 ยท 2H2O
Hโ“˜ HalotrichiteFeAl2(SO4)4 ยท 22H2O
Hโ“˜ KaliniteKAl(SO4)2 ยท 11H2O
Hโ“˜ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Hโ“˜ Letovicite(NH4)3H(SO4)2
Hโ“˜ Mascagnite(NH4)2SO4
Hโ“˜ MelanteriteFe2+(H2O)6SO4 ยท H2O
Hโ“˜ OpalSiO2 ยท nH2O
Hโ“˜ PectoliteNaCa2Si3O8(OH)
Hโ“˜ PentahydriteMgSO4 ยท 5H2O
Hโ“˜ PickeringiteMgAl2(SO4)4 ยท 22H2O
Hโ“˜ Alum-(K)KAl(SO4)2 ยท 12H2O
Hโ“˜ PrehniteCa2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
Hโ“˜ SassoliteH3BO3
Hโ“˜ StelleriteCa4(Si28Al8)O72 ยท 28H2O
Hโ“˜ Tschermigite(NH4)Al(SO4)2 ยท 12H2O
Hโ“˜ VoltaiteK2Fe52+Fe33+Al(SO4)12 ยท 18H2O
Hโ“˜ WairakiteCa(Al2Si4O12) ยท 2H2O
Hโ“˜ Kaolinite var. Chrome-Kaolinite(Al,Cr)2(Si2O5)(OH)4
BBoron
Bโ“˜ DatoliteCaB(SiO4)(OH)
Bโ“˜ SassoliteH3BO3
CCarbon
Cโ“˜ CalciteCaCO3
NNitrogen
Nโ“˜ Ammonioalunite(NH4)Al3(SO4)2(OH)6
Nโ“˜ Ammoniojarosite(NH4)Fe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Nโ“˜ Boussingaultite(NH4)2Mg(SO4)2 ยท 6H2O
Nโ“˜ Letovicite(NH4)3H(SO4)2
Nโ“˜ Mascagnite(NH4)2SO4
Nโ“˜ Tschermigite(NH4)Al(SO4)2 ยท 12H2O
OOxygen
Oโ“˜ AluniteKAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Oโ“˜ AlunogenAl2(SO4)3 ยท 17H2O
Oโ“˜ Ammonioalunite(NH4)Al3(SO4)2(OH)6
Oโ“˜ Ammoniojarosite(NH4)Fe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Oโ“˜ Boussingaultite(NH4)2Mg(SO4)2 ยท 6H2O
Oโ“˜ CalciteCaCO3
Oโ“˜ DatoliteCaB(SiO4)(OH)
Oโ“˜ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Oโ“˜ EpsomiteMgSO4 ยท 7H2O
Oโ“˜ GypsumCaSO4 ยท 2H2O
Oโ“˜ HalotrichiteFeAl2(SO4)4 ยท 22H2O
Oโ“˜ KaliniteKAl(SO4)2 ยท 11H2O
Oโ“˜ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Oโ“˜ Letovicite(NH4)3H(SO4)2
Oโ“˜ Mascagnite(NH4)2SO4
Oโ“˜ MelanteriteFe2+(H2O)6SO4 ยท H2O
Oโ“˜ OpalSiO2 ยท nH2O
Oโ“˜ PectoliteNaCa2Si3O8(OH)
Oโ“˜ PentahydriteMgSO4 ยท 5H2O
Oโ“˜ PickeringiteMgAl2(SO4)4 ยท 22H2O
Oโ“˜ Alum-(K)KAl(SO4)2 ยท 12H2O
Oโ“˜ PrehniteCa2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
Oโ“˜ SassoliteH3BO3
Oโ“˜ StelleriteCa4(Si28Al8)O72 ยท 28H2O
Oโ“˜ TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
Oโ“˜ Tschermigite(NH4)Al(SO4)2 ยท 12H2O
Oโ“˜ VoltaiteK2Fe52+Fe33+Al(SO4)12 ยท 18H2O
Oโ“˜ WairakiteCa(Al2Si4O12) ยท 2H2O
Oโ“˜ Kaolinite var. Chrome-Kaolinite(Al,Cr)2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Oโ“˜ Garnet GroupX3Z2(SiO4)3
NaSodium
Naโ“˜ PectoliteNaCa2Si3O8(OH)
MgMagnesium
Mgโ“˜ Boussingaultite(NH4)2Mg(SO4)2 ยท 6H2O
Mgโ“˜ EpsomiteMgSO4 ยท 7H2O
Mgโ“˜ PentahydriteMgSO4 ยท 5H2O
Mgโ“˜ PickeringiteMgAl2(SO4)4 ยท 22H2O
AlAluminium
Alโ“˜ AluniteKAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Alโ“˜ AlunogenAl2(SO4)3 ยท 17H2O
Alโ“˜ Ammonioalunite(NH4)Al3(SO4)2(OH)6
Alโ“˜ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Alโ“˜ HalotrichiteFeAl2(SO4)4 ยท 22H2O
Alโ“˜ KaliniteKAl(SO4)2 ยท 11H2O
Alโ“˜ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Alโ“˜ PickeringiteMgAl2(SO4)4 ยท 22H2O
Alโ“˜ Alum-(K)KAl(SO4)2 ยท 12H2O
Alโ“˜ PrehniteCa2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
Alโ“˜ StelleriteCa4(Si28Al8)O72 ยท 28H2O
Alโ“˜ Tschermigite(NH4)Al(SO4)2 ยท 12H2O
Alโ“˜ VoltaiteK2Fe52+Fe33+Al(SO4)12 ยท 18H2O
Alโ“˜ WairakiteCa(Al2Si4O12) ยท 2H2O
Alโ“˜ Kaolinite var. Chrome-Kaolinite(Al,Cr)2(Si2O5)(OH)4
SiSilicon
Siโ“˜ DatoliteCaB(SiO4)(OH)
Siโ“˜ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Siโ“˜ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Siโ“˜ OpalSiO2 ยท nH2O
Siโ“˜ PectoliteNaCa2Si3O8(OH)
Siโ“˜ PrehniteCa2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
Siโ“˜ StelleriteCa4(Si28Al8)O72 ยท 28H2O
Siโ“˜ TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
Siโ“˜ WairakiteCa(Al2Si4O12) ยท 2H2O
Siโ“˜ Kaolinite var. Chrome-Kaolinite(Al,Cr)2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Siโ“˜ Garnet GroupX3Z2(SiO4)3
SSulfur
Sโ“˜ AluniteKAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Sโ“˜ AlunogenAl2(SO4)3 ยท 17H2O
Sโ“˜ Ammonioalunite(NH4)Al3(SO4)2(OH)6
Sโ“˜ Ammoniojarosite(NH4)Fe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Sโ“˜ Boussingaultite(NH4)2Mg(SO4)2 ยท 6H2O
Sโ“˜ CinnabarHgS
Sโ“˜ EpsomiteMgSO4 ยท 7H2O
Sโ“˜ GypsumCaSO4 ยท 2H2O
Sโ“˜ HalotrichiteFeAl2(SO4)4 ยท 22H2O
Sโ“˜ KaliniteKAl(SO4)2 ยท 11H2O
Sโ“˜ Letovicite(NH4)3H(SO4)2
Sโ“˜ Mascagnite(NH4)2SO4
Sโ“˜ MelanteriteFe2+(H2O)6SO4 ยท H2O
Sโ“˜ MetacinnabarHgS
Sโ“˜ MetastibniteSb2S3
Sโ“˜ PentahydriteMgSO4 ยท 5H2O
Sโ“˜ PickeringiteMgAl2(SO4)4 ยท 22H2O
Sโ“˜ Alum-(K)KAl(SO4)2 ยท 12H2O
Sโ“˜ PyriteFeS2
Sโ“˜ SulphurS8
Sโ“˜ Tschermigite(NH4)Al(SO4)2 ยท 12H2O
Sโ“˜ VoltaiteK2Fe52+Fe33+Al(SO4)12 ยท 18H2O
KPotassium
Kโ“˜ AluniteKAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Kโ“˜ KaliniteKAl(SO4)2 ยท 11H2O
Kโ“˜ Alum-(K)KAl(SO4)2 ยท 12H2O
Kโ“˜ VoltaiteK2Fe52+Fe33+Al(SO4)12 ยท 18H2O
CaCalcium
Caโ“˜ CalciteCaCO3
Caโ“˜ DatoliteCaB(SiO4)(OH)
Caโ“˜ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Caโ“˜ GypsumCaSO4 ยท 2H2O
Caโ“˜ PectoliteNaCa2Si3O8(OH)
Caโ“˜ PrehniteCa2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
Caโ“˜ StelleriteCa4(Si28Al8)O72 ยท 28H2O
Caโ“˜ TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
Caโ“˜ WairakiteCa(Al2Si4O12) ยท 2H2O
TiTitanium
Tiโ“˜ TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
CrChromium
Crโ“˜ Kaolinite var. Chrome-Kaolinite(Al,Cr)2(Si2O5)(OH)4
FeIron
Feโ“˜ Ammoniojarosite(NH4)Fe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Feโ“˜ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Feโ“˜ HalotrichiteFeAl2(SO4)4 ยท 22H2O
Feโ“˜ MelanteriteFe2+(H2O)6SO4 ยท H2O
Feโ“˜ PyriteFeS2
Feโ“˜ VoltaiteK2Fe52+Fe33+Al(SO4)12 ยท 18H2O
SbAntimony
Sbโ“˜ MetastibniteSb2S3
HgMercury
Hgโ“˜ CinnabarHgS
Hgโ“˜ MercuryHg
Hgโ“˜ MetacinnabarHgS

Other Databases

Wikipedia:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Geysers
Wikidata ID:Q3109025

Localities in this Region

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Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

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This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt to visit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holders for access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.

References

Goldsmith, E. (1877), On boussingaultite and other minerals from Sonoma County, California: Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia Proceedings: 28: 264-266.
Hanks, Henry Garber (1884), Fourth report of the State Mineralogist: California Mining Bureau. Report 4, 410 pp. (includes catalog of minerals of California pp. 63-410), and miscellaneous observations on mineral products): 68
Irelan, William, Jr. (1888b), Eighth annual report of the State Mineralogist [includes mineral resources of the State, with contributions by W.A. Goodyear, H.A. Whiting, and Stephen Bowers]: California Mining Bureau. Report 8, 946 pp.: 633.
Laizure, Clyde McK (1926), Sonoma County: California Journal of Mines and Geology, California Mining Bureau (Report 22): 22: 314-365.
Allen, Eugene T. & Arthur L. Day (1927), Steam wells and other thermal activity at โ€œThe Geysers,โ€ California: Carnegie Institute Washington Publication 378; [(abstract) Geol. Zentralbl. (1928), Band 38: 176-177; Neues Jahrb., Referate 2: 634-636; Scottish Geog. Mag (1928): 44: 230-231]: 39, 40, 45.
Vonsen, Magnus (1941) Preliminary report on minerals of The Geysers of Sonoma County, California. Mineralogist: 9: 245-248.
Vonsen, Magnus (1946), Minerals at โ€œThe Geysers,โ€ Sonoma County, California: California Division Mines Report 42: 287-293.
Palache, Charles, Berman, Harry, Frondel, Clifford (1951) The System of Mineralogy (7th ed.) Vol. 2 - Halides, Nitrates, Borates, Carbonates, Sulfates, Phosphates, Arsenates, Tungstates, Molybdates, Ect. John Wiley and Sons, New York.
Anonymous (1955), World news on mineral occurrences: Rocks & Minerals: 31: 462 (on metastibnite).
Smith, Robert Leland (1958), Some new occurrences of sassolite in the United States: American Mineralogist: 43: 1204-1205
Steiner, A. (1958) Occurrence of wairakite at The Geysers, California. American Mineralogist, 43 (7-8) 781
Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 62, 63, 113, 179, 214, 258, 263, 282, 285, 288, 293, 327, 356, 382, 383.
White, D.E. (1967) Mercury and base-metal deposits with associated thermal and mineral waters. In: H.L. Barnes (Editor), Geochemistry of hydrothermal ore deposits. Holt Reinhart and Winston, New York: 590
Dunning, Gail E. and J.F. Cooper (1969a) Letovicite from The Geysers, Sonoma County, California. California Division Mines and Geology Mineral Information Service: 22: 135
Brookins, D. G. (1970) Metastibnite from The Geysers, Sonoma County, California. American Mineralogist, 55 (11-12). 2103-2104
Pemberton, H. Earl (1983) Minerals of California. Van Nostrand Reinhold Company Inc.
Bird, Dennis K., Schiffman, Peter, Elders, Wilfred A., Williams, Alan E., McDowell, S. Douglas (1984) Calc-silicate mineralization in active geothermal systems. Economic Geology, 79 (4) 671-695 doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.79.4.671
Altaner, Stephen P., Fitzpatrick, Joan J., , M. Dennis Krohn, Bethke, Philip M., Hayba, Daniel O., Goss, James A., Brown, Zoe Ann (1988) Ammonium in alunites. American Mineralogist, 73 (1-2) 145-152
Tschernich, Rudy W. (1992) Zeolites of the World. Geoscience Press, Inc. 567pp.
Cooper, Joseph F., Dunning, Gail E. (1993) History and Minerals of The Geysers, Sonoma County, California. The Mineralogical Record, 24 (5) 339-354
en.wikipedia.org (n.d.) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Geysers


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