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Richterite

A valid IMA mineral species
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08691720017271926143653.jpg
Richterite, etc.

LĂ„ngban Mine, LĂ„ngban Ore District, Filipstad, VĂ€rmland County, Sweden
00827800017271926184047.jpg
Richterite

Ladjuar Medam Richterite occurrence, Ladjuar Medam, Sar-e-Sang, Kuran wa Munjan District, Badakhshan, Afghanistan
01100810017271926222649.jpg
Richterite

Castelli Romani bypass road, Albano Laziale, Metropolitan City of Rome Capital, Lazio, Italy
08691720017271926143653.jpg
Richterite, etc.

LĂ„ngban Mine, LĂ„ngban Ore District, Filipstad, VĂ€rmland County, Sweden
00827800017271926184047.jpg
Richterite

Ladjuar Medam Richterite occurrence, Ladjuar Medam, Sar-e-Sang, Kuran wa Munjan District, Badakhshan, Afghanistan
01100810017271926222649.jpg
Richterite

Castelli Romani bypass road, Albano Laziale, Metropolitan City of Rome Capital, Lazio, Italy
08691720017271926143653.jpg
Richterite, etc.

LĂ„ngban Mine, LĂ„ngban Ore District, Filipstad, VĂ€rmland County, Sweden
00827800017271926184047.jpg
Richterite

Ladjuar Medam Richterite occurrence, Ladjuar Medam, Sar-e-Sang, Kuran wa Munjan District, Badakhshan, Afghanistan
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About RichteriteHide

02893090017271926251376.jpg
Hieronymus Theodor Richter
Formula:
Na(NaCa)Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
The richterite group minerals are defined as sodium-calcium amphiboles with 0.5 apfu < A(Na+K+ 2Ca) where Na or K is dominant, and with C(Al+Fe3++2Ti)<0.5 apfu. The W position may contain (OH), F or Cl.

Richterite is defined with
A position: Na dominant
C position: Mg dominant
W position: (OH) dominant.
Colour:
Brown to brownish-red, rose-red, or yellow, grey-brown, and also pale to dark green. dark green blue and grey blue
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
5 - 6
Specific Gravity:
3.1
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
Named in 1865 by Johann Friedrich August Breithaupt in honor of Hieronymus Theodor Richter [November 21, 1824, Dresden, Germany – September 25, 1898, Freiberg, Saxony, Germany], professor of chemistry at Freiberg University of Mining and Technology. He was the co-discoverer of indium.
Compare the chemically similar winchite and potassic-richterite.


Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
3416
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:3416:2

Similar NamesHide

K RichteriteA synonym of Potassic-richterite{K}{CaNa}{Mg5}Si8O22(OH)2

IMA Classification of RichteriteHide

IMA status:
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
IMA Formula:
Na(NaCa)Mg5Si8O22(OH)2

Classification of RichteriteHide

Strunz-mindat (2026):
9.DE.20

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
D : Inosilicates
E : Inosilicates with 2-periodic double chains, Si4O11; Clinoamphiboles
Dana 8th ed.:
66.1.3b.9

66 : INOSILICATES Double-Width,Unbranched Chains,(W=2)
1 : Amphiboles - Mg-Fe-Mn-Li subgroup
Hey's CIM Ref.:
14.18.31

14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
18 : Silicates of Mn and Na, K, Mg, Ca or Fe

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.

SymbolSourceReference
RctIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43
RitSiivolam & Schmid (2007)Siivolam, J. and Schmid, R. (2007) Recommendations by the IUGS Subcommission on the Systematics of Metamorphic Rocks: List of mineral abbreviations. Web-version 01.02.07. IUGS Commission on the Systematics in Petrology. download
RctWhitney & Evans (2010)Whitney, D.L. and Evans, B.W. (2010) Abbreviations for names of rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist, 95, 185–187 doi:10.2138/am.2010.3371
RctThe Canadian Mineralogist (2019)The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download

Pronunciation of RichteriteHide

Pronunciation:
PlayRecorded byCountry
Jolyon RalphUnited Kingdom

Physical Properties of RichteriteHide

Lustre:
Vitreous
Transparency:
Transparent
Colour:
Brown to brownish-red, rose-red, or yellow, grey-brown, and also pale to dark green. dark green blue and grey blue
Streak:
White
Hardness:
5 - 6 on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Perfect
Amphibole cleavage; perfect on {110} intersecting at 56° and 124°.
Parting:
partings on {100} and {001}
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven
Density:
3.1 g/cm3 (Measured)    

Optical Data of RichteriteHide

Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.615 nÎČ = 1.629 nÎł = 1.636
2V:
Measured: 68° , Calculated: 70°
Max. Birefringence:
ÎŽ = 0.021
Based on recorded range of RI values above.

Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.

Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 ”m thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.

Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars.

Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
r < v strong
Optical Extinction:
Y = b; Z ∧ c = -54° to -20°.
Pleochroism:
Strong
Comments:
In pale yellows, orange and red.
Comments:
Absorption: Y > Z = X.

Chemistry of RichteriteHide

Mindat Formula:
Na(NaCa)Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2

The richterite group minerals are defined as sodium-calcium amphiboles with 0.5 apfu < A(Na+K+ 2Ca) where Na or K is dominant, and with C(Al+Fe3++2Ti)<0.5 apfu. The W position may contain (OH), F or Cl.

Richterite is defined with
A position: Na dominant
C position: Mg dominant
W position: (OH) dominant.




Element Weights:
Element% weight
O46.927 %
Si27.459 %
Mg14.852 %
Na5.619 %
Ca4.898 %
H0.246 %

Calculated from ideal end-member formula.
Elements listed:
Ca, H, Mg, Na, O, Si - search for minerals with similar chemistry
Common Impurities:
Ti,Al,Cr,Mn,Ni,Sr,K,F,Cl,H2O

Age distributionHide

Recorded ages:
Neoarchean to Neogene : 2530 ± 45 Ma to 7.6 ± 0.2 Ma - based on 7 recorded ages.

Chemical AnalysisHide

Oxide wt%:
 1
SiO252.71 %
Al2O31.41 %
TiO21.76 %
Fe2O3
FeO12.25 %
MnO0.28 %
MgO15.21 %
CaO5.33 %
Na2O6.28 %
K2O1.73 %
Li2O
F1.58 %
H2O1.19 %
O=F-0.67 %
Total:99.06 %
Empirical formulas:
Sample IDEmpirical Formula
1(Na0,619K0,325)?0,943 (Na1,175Ca0,825)?2 (Mg3,339Feii1,509Ti0,195Mnii0,035Al0.007)?5.085 (Si7,762Al0,239)?8,001 O22 ((OH)1,169F0,736O0,095)?2,001
Sample references:
IDLocalityReferenceNotes
1Coyote Peak, Humboldt County, California, USA
Hawthorne, Frank C., Oberti, R., Zanetti, A., Czamanske, G. K. (1998) The role of Ti in hydrogen-deficient amphiboles: sodic-calcic and sodic amphiboles from Coyote Peak, California. The Canadian Mineralogist, 36 (5). 1253-1265
Analyzed by single crystal X-ray and electron- and ion-microprobe techniques. The sample is also analyzed for Li and H.

Crystallography of RichteriteHide

Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
B2/m
Setting:
C2/m
Cell Parameters:
a = 9.783 Å, b = 17.943 Å, c = 5.287 Å
ÎČ = 104.070°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.545 : 1 : 0.295
Unit Cell V:
900.22 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Morphology:
Crystals to 15 cm, rarely doubly terminated. Flattened along [100] also acicular and asbestiform.
Twinning:
Simple or multiple parallel to {100}
Comment:
Unit cell from Handbook of Mineralogy. Also given as 9.90, 17.97, 5.26 Å, 104.25°.

Crystal StructureHide

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IDSpeciesReferenceLinkYearLocalityPressure (GPa)Temp (K)
0001574RichteriteDella Ventura G, Robert J-L, Raudsepp M, Hawthorne F C (1993) Site occupancies in monoclinic amphiboles: Rietveld structure refinement of synthetic magnesium cobalt potassium richterite Atomic parameters from ICSD American Mineralogist 78 633-64019930293
0001575RichteriteDella Ventura G, Robert J-L, Raudsepp M, Hawthorne F C (1993) Site occupancies in monoclinic amphiboles: Rietveld structure refinement of synthetic magnesium cobalt potassium richterite Atomic parameters from ICSD American Mineralogist 78 633-64019930293
0001576RichteriteDella Ventura G, Robert J-L, Raudsepp M, Hawthorne F C (1993) Site occupancies in monoclinic amphiboles: Rietveld structure refinement of synthetic magnesium cobalt potassium richterite Atomic parameters from ICSD American Mineralogist 78 633-64019930293
0001577RichteriteDella Ventura G, Robert J-L, Raudsepp M, Hawthorne F C (1993) Site occupancies in monoclinic amphiboles: Rietveld structure refinement of synthetic magnesium cobalt potassium richterite Atomic parameters from ICSD American Mineralogist 78 633-64019930293
0001578RichteriteDella Ventura G, Robert J-L, Raudsepp M, Hawthorne F C (1993) Site occupancies in monoclinic amphiboles: Rietveld structure refinement of synthetic magnesium cobalt potassium richterite Atomic parameters from ICSD American Mineralogist 78 633-64019930293
0001579RichteriteDella Ventura G, Robert J-L, Raudsepp M, Hawthorne F C (1993) Site occupancies in monoclinic amphiboles: Rietveld structure refinement of synthetic magnesium cobalt potassium richterite Atomic parameters from ICSD American Mineralogist 78 633-64019930293
0001580RichteriteDella Ventura G, Robert J-L, Raudsepp M, Hawthorne F C (1993) Site occupancies in monoclinic amphiboles: Rietveld structure refinement of synthetic magnesium cobalt potassium richterite Atomic parameters from ICSD American Mineralogist 78 633-64019930293
0001581RichteriteDella Ventura G, Robert J-L, Raudsepp M, Hawthorne F C (1993) Site occupancies in monoclinic amphiboles: Rietveld structure refinement of synthetic magnesium cobalt potassium richterite Atomic parameters from ICSD American Mineralogist 78 633-64019930293
0001582RichteriteDella Ventura G, Robert J-L, Raudsepp M, Hawthorne F C (1993) Site occupancies in monoclinic amphiboles: Rietveld structure refinement of synthetic magnesium cobalt potassium richterite Atomic parameters from ICSD American Mineralogist 78 633-64019930293
0001583RichteriteDella Ventura G, Robert J-L, Raudsepp M, Hawthorne F C (1993) Site occupancies in monoclinic amphiboles: Rietveld structure refinement of synthetic magnesium cobalt potassium richterite Atomic parameters from ICSD American Mineralogist 78 633-64019930293
0001584RichteriteDella Ventura G, Robert J-L, Raudsepp M, Hawthorne F C (1993) Site occupancies in monoclinic amphiboles: Rietveld structure refinement of synthetic magnesium cobalt potassium richterite Atomic parameters from ICSD American Mineralogist 78 633-64019930293
0001609RichteriteDella Ventura G, Robert J-L, Beny J-M, Raudsepp M, Hawthorne F C (1993) The OH-F substitution in Ti-rich potassium richterite: Rietveld structure refinement and FTIR and micro-Raman spectroscopic studies of synthetic amphiboles in the system K2O-Na2O-CaO-MgO-SiO2-TiO2-H2O-HF Sample Rich58 Atomic parameters from ICSD American Mineralogist 78 980-98719930293
0001610RichteriteDella Ventura G, Robert J-L, Beny J-M, Raudsepp M, Hawthorne F C (1993) The OH-F substitution in Ti-rich potassium richterite: Rietveld structure refinement and FTIR and micro-Raman spectroscopic studies of synthetic amphiboles in the system K2O-Na2O-CaO-MgO-SiO2-TiO2-H2O-HF Sample Rich59 Atomic parameters from ICSD American Mineralogist 78 980-98719930293
0001611RichteriteDella Ventura G, Robert J-L, Beny J-M, Raudsepp M, Hawthorne F C (1993) The OH-F substitution in Ti-rich potassium richterite: Rietveld structure refinement and FTIR and micro-Raman spectroscopic studies of synthetic amphiboles in the system K2O-Na2O-CaO-MgO-SiO2-TiO2-H2O-HF Sample Rich60 Atomic parameters from ICSD American Mineralogist 78 980-98719930293
0001612RichteriteDella Ventura G, Robert J-L, Beny J-M, Raudsepp M, Hawthorne F C (1993) The OH-F substitution in Ti-rich potassium richterite: Rietveld structure refinement and FTIR and micro-Raman spectroscopic studies of synthetic amphiboles in the system K2O-Na2O-CaO-MgO-SiO2-TiO2-H2O-HF Sample Rich61 Atomic parameters from ICSD American Mineralogist 78 980-98719930293
0001613RichteriteDella Ventura G, Robert J-L, Beny J-M, Raudsepp M, Hawthorne F C (1993) The OH-F substitution in Ti-rich potassium richterite: Rietveld structure refinement and FTIR and micro-Raman spectroscopic studies of synthetic amphiboles in the system K2O-Na2O-CaO-MgO-SiO2-TiO2-H2O-HF Sample Rich62 Atomic parameters from ICSD American Mineralogist 78 980-98719930293
0001614RichteriteDella Ventura G, Robert J-L, Beny J-M, Raudsepp M, Hawthorne F C (1993) The OH-F substitution in Ti-rich potassium richterite: Rietveld structure refinement and FTIR and micro-Raman spectroscopic studies of synthetic amphiboles in the system K2O-Na2O-CaO-MgO-SiO2-TiO2-H2O-HF Sample Rich63 Atomic parameters from ICSD American Mineralogist 78 980-98719930293
0001875RichteriteDella Ventura G, Robert J-L, Raudsepp M, Hawthorne F C, Welch M D (1997) Site occupancies in synthetic monoclinic amphiboles: Rietveld structure refinement and infrared spectroscopy of (nickel, magnesium, cobalt)-richterite American Mineralogist 82 291-30119970293
0001876RichteriteDella Ventura G, Robert J-L, Raudsepp M, Hawthorne F C, Welch M D (1997) Site occupancies in synthetic monoclinic amphiboles: Rietveld structure refinement and infrared spectroscopy of (nickel, magnesium, cobalt)-richterite American Mineralogist 82 291-30119970293
0001877RichteriteDella Ventura G, Robert J-L, Raudsepp M, Hawthorne F C, Welch M D (1997) Site occupancies in synthetic monoclinic amphiboles: Rietveld structure refinement and infrared spectroscopy of (nickel, magnesium, cobalt)-richterite American Mineralogist 82 291-30119970293
0001878RichteriteDella Ventura G, Robert J-L, Raudsepp M, Hawthorne F C, Welch M D (1997) Site occupancies in synthetic monoclinic amphiboles: Rietveld structure refinement and infrared spectroscopy of (nickel, magnesium, cobalt)-richterite American Mineralogist 82 291-30119970293
0001879RichteriteDella Ventura G, Robert J-L, Raudsepp M, Hawthorne F C, Welch M D (1997) Site occupancies in synthetic monoclinic amphiboles: Rietveld structure refinement and infrared spectroscopy of (nickel, magnesium, cobalt)-richterite American Mineralogist 82 291-30119970293
0001880RichteriteDella Ventura G, Robert J-L, Raudsepp M, Hawthorne F C, Welch M D (1997) Site occupancies in synthetic monoclinic amphiboles: Rietveld structure refinement and infrared spectroscopy of (nickel, magnesium, cobalt)-richterite American Mineralogist 82 291-30119970293
0001881RichteriteDella Ventura G, Robert J-L, Raudsepp M, Hawthorne F C, Welch M D (1997) Site occupancies in synthetic monoclinic amphiboles: Rietveld structure refinement and infrared spectroscopy of (nickel, magnesium, cobalt)-richterite American Mineralogist 82 291-30119970293
0001882RichteriteDella Ventura G, Robert J-L, Raudsepp M, Hawthorne F C, Welch M D (1997) Site occupancies in synthetic monoclinic amphiboles: Rietveld structure refinement and infrared spectroscopy of (nickel, magnesium, cobalt)-richterite American Mineralogist 82 291-30119970293
0001883RichteriteDella Ventura G, Robert J-L, Raudsepp M, Hawthorne F C, Welch M D (1997) Site occupancies in synthetic monoclinic amphiboles: Rietveld structure refinement and infrared spectroscopy of (nickel, magnesium, cobalt)-richterite American Mineralogist 82 291-30119970293
0001884RichteriteDella Ventura G, Robert J-L, Raudsepp M, Hawthorne F C, Welch M D (1997) Site occupancies in synthetic monoclinic amphiboles: Rietveld structure refinement and infrared spectroscopy of (nickel, magnesium, cobalt)-richterite American Mineralogist 82 291-30119970293
0001885RichteriteDella Ventura G, Robert J-L, Raudsepp M, Hawthorne F C, Welch M D (1997) Site occupancies in synthetic monoclinic amphiboles: Rietveld structure refinement and infrared spectroscopy of (nickel, magnesium, cobalt)-richterite American Mineralogist 82 291-30119970293
0001914RichteriteHawthorne F C, Della Ventura G, Robert J-L, Welch M D, Jenkins D M (1997) A Rietveld and infrared study of synthetic amphiboles along the potassium-richterite-tremolite join American Mineralogist 82 708-71619970293
0001915RichteriteHawthorne F C, Della Ventura G, Robert J-L, Welch M D, Jenkins D M (1997) A Rietveld and infrared study of synthetic amphiboles along the potassium-richterite-tremolite join American Mineralogist 82 708-71619970293
0001916RichteriteHawthorne F C, Della Ventura G, Robert J-L, Welch M D, Jenkins D M (1997) A Rietveld and infrared study of synthetic amphiboles along the potassium-richterite-tremolite join American Mineralogist 82 708-71619970293
0001917RichteriteHawthorne F C, Della Ventura G, Robert J-L, Welch M D, Jenkins D M (1997) A Rietveld and infrared study of synthetic amphiboles along the potassium-richterite-tremolite join American Mineralogist 82 708-71619970293
0001918RichteriteHawthorne F C, Della Ventura G, Robert J-L, Welch M D, Jenkins D M (1997) A Rietveld and infrared study of synthetic amphiboles along the potassium-richterite-tremolite join Note, Kr0 sample from Smelik et al (1994) Am Min 79, 1110-1122 American Mineralogist 82 708-71619970293
0002223RichteriteYang H, Konzett J, Prewitt C T, Fei Y (1999) Single-crystal structure refinement of synthetic K-substituted potassic richterite, K(KCa)Mg5Si8O22(OH)2 American Mineralogist 84 681-68419990293
0002373RichteriteOberti R, Vannucci R, Zanetti A, Tiepolo M, Brumm R C (2000) A Crystal Chemical re-evaluation of amphibole/melt and amphibole/clinopyroxene DTi values in petrogenetic studies SAMPLE 23 American Mineralogist 85 407-41920000293
0002374RichteriteOberti R, Vannucci R, Zanetti A, Tiepolo M, Brumm R C (2000) A Crystal Chemical re-evaluation of amphibole/melt and amphibole/clinopyroxene DTi values in petrogenetic studies SAMPLE 24 American Mineralogist 85 407-41920000293
0002375RichteriteOberti R, Vannucci R, Zanetti A, Tiepolo M, Brumm R C (2000) A Crystal Chemical re-evaluation of amphibole/melt and amphibole/clinopyroxene DTi values in petrogenetic studies SAMPLE 25 American Mineralogist 85 407-41920000293
0002376RichteriteOberti R, Vannucci R, Zanetti A, Tiepolo M, Brumm R C (2000) A Crystal Chemical re-evaluation of amphibole/melt and amphibole/clinopyroxene DTi values in petrogenetic studies SAMPLE 26 American Mineralogist 85 407-41920000293
0002377RichteriteOberti R, Vannucci R, Zanetti A, Tiepolo M, Brumm R C (2000) A Crystal Chemical re-evaluation of amphibole/melt and amphibole/clinopyroxene DTi values in petrogenetic studies SAMPLE 27 American Mineralogist 85 407-41920000293
0002378RichteriteOberti R, Vannucci R, Zanetti A, Tiepolo M, Brumm R C (2000) A Crystal Chemical re-evaluation of amphibole/melt and amphibole/clinopyroxene DTi values in petrogenetic studies SAMPLE 28 American Mineralogist 85 407-41920000293
0002379RichteriteOberti R, Vannucci R, Zanetti A, Tiepolo M, Brumm R C (2000) A Crystal Chemical re-evaluation of amphibole/melt and amphibole/clinopyroxene DTi values in petrogenetic studies SAMPLE 29 American Mineralogist 85 407-41920000293
0002380RichteriteOberti R, Vannucci R, Zanetti A, Tiepolo M, Brumm R C (2000) A Crystal Chemical re-evaluation of amphibole/melt and amphibole/clinopyroxene DTi values in petrogenetic studies SAMPLE 30 American Mineralogist 85 407-41920000293
0002381RichteriteOberti R, Vannucci R, Zanetti A, Tiepolo M, Brumm R C (2000) A Crystal Chemical re-evaluation of amphibole/melt and amphibole/clinopyroxene DTi values in petrogenetic studies SAMPLE 31 American Mineralogist 85 407-41920000293
0002382RichteriteOberti R, Vannucci R, Zanetti A, Tiepolo M, Brumm R C (2000) A Crystal Chemical re-evaluation of amphibole/melt and amphibole/clinopyroxene DTi values in petrogenetic studies SAMPLE 32 American Mineralogist 85 407-41920000293
0002383RichteriteOberti R, Vannucci R, Zanetti A, Tiepolo M, Brumm R C (2000) A Crystal Chemical re-evaluation of amphibole/melt and amphibole/clinopyroxene DTi values in petrogenetic studies SAMPLE 33 American Mineralogist 85 407-41920000293
0002384RichteriteOberti R, Vannucci R, Zanetti A, Tiepolo M, Brumm R C (2000) A Crystal Chemical re-evaluation of amphibole/melt and amphibole/clinopyroxene DTi values in petrogenetic studies SAMPLE 34 American Mineralogist 85 407-41920000293
0003186RichteriteGunter M E, Dyar M D, Twamley B, Foit F F, Cornelius S (2003) Composition, Fe3+/Sum(Fe), and crystal structure of non-asbestiform and asbestiform amphiboles from Libby, Montana, U.S.A. American Mineralogist 88 1970-197820030293
0003791RichteriteSenda K, Ishida K, Jenkins D M (2005) X-ray Rietveld refinement and FTIR spectra of synthetic (Si,Ge)-richterites American Mineralogist 90 1062-107120050293
0003792RichteriteSenda K, Ishida K, Jenkins D M (2005) X-ray Rietveld refinement and FTIR spectra of synthetic (Si,Ge)-richterites American Mineralogist 90 1062-107120050293
0003793RichteriteSenda K, Ishida K, Jenkins D M (2005) X-ray Rietveld refinement and FTIR spectra of synthetic (Si,Ge)-richterites American Mineralogist 90 1062-107120050293
0003794RichteriteSenda K, Ishida K, Jenkins D M (2005) X-ray Rietveld refinement and FTIR spectra of synthetic (Si,Ge)-richterites American Mineralogist 90 1062-107120050293
0003795RichteriteSenda K, Ishida K, Jenkins D M (2005) X-ray Rietveld refinement and FTIR spectra of synthetic (Si,Ge)-richterites American Mineralogist 90 1062-107120050293
0003796RichteriteSenda K, Ishida K, Jenkins D M (2005) X-ray Rietveld refinement and FTIR spectra of synthetic (Si,Ge)-richterites American Mineralogist 90 1062-107120050293
0006438RichteriteOberti R, Ungaretti L, Cannillo E, Hawthorne F C (1992) The behaviour of Ti in amphiboles: I. Four- and six-coordinate Ti in richterite European Journal of Mineralogy 4 425-43919920293
0006439RichteriteOberti R, Ungaretti L, Cannillo E, Hawthorne F C (1992) The behaviour of Ti in amphiboles: I. Four- and six-coordinate Ti in richterite European Journal of Mineralogy 4 425-43919920293
0006440RichteriteOberti R, Ungaretti L, Cannillo E, Hawthorne F C (1992) The behaviour of Ti in amphiboles: I. Four- and six-coordinate Ti in richterite European Journal of Mineralogy 4 425-43919920293
0006441RichteriteOberti R, Ungaretti L, Cannillo E, Hawthorne F C (1992) The behaviour of Ti in amphiboles: I. Four- and six-coordinate Ti in richterite European Journal of Mineralogy 4 425-43919920293
0006442RichteriteOberti R, Ungaretti L, Cannillo E, Hawthorne F C (1992) The behaviour of Ti in amphiboles: I. Four- and six-coordinate Ti in richterite European Journal of Mineralogy 4 425-43919920293
0006443RichteriteOberti R, Ungaretti L, Cannillo E, Hawthorne F C (1992) The behaviour of Ti in amphiboles: I. Four- and six-coordinate Ti in richterite European Journal of Mineralogy 4 425-43919920293
0006444RichteriteOberti R, Ungaretti L, Cannillo E, Hawthorne F C (1992) The behaviour of Ti in amphiboles: I. Four- and six-coordinate Ti in richterite European Journal of Mineralogy 4 425-43919920293
0006445RichteriteOberti R, Ungaretti L, Cannillo E, Hawthorne F C (1992) The behaviour of Ti in amphiboles: I. Four- and six-coordinate Ti in richterite European Journal of Mineralogy 4 425-43919920293
0006446RichteriteOberti R, Ungaretti L, Cannillo E, Hawthorne F C (1992) The behaviour of Ti in amphiboles: I. Four- and six-coordinate Ti in richterite European Journal of Mineralogy 4 425-43919920293
0006464RichteriteOberti R, Hawthorne F C, Ungaretti L, Cannillo E (1993) The behaviour of Mn in amphiboles: Mn in richerite European Journal of Mineralogy 5 43-5119930293
0006465RichteriteOberti R, Hawthorne F C, Ungaretti L, Cannillo E (1993) The behaviour of Mn in amphiboles: Mn in richerite European Journal of Mineralogy 5 43-5119930293
0006466RichteriteOberti R, Hawthorne F C, Ungaretti L, Cannillo E (1993) The behaviour of Mn in amphiboles: Mn in richerite European Journal of Mineralogy 5 43-5119930293
0006467RichteriteOberti R, Hawthorne F C, Ungaretti L, Cannillo E (1993) The behaviour of Mn in amphiboles: Mn in richerite European Journal of Mineralogy 5 43-5119930293
0006468RichteriteOberti R, Hawthorne F C, Ungaretti L, Cannillo E (1993) The behaviour of Mn in amphiboles: Mn in richerite European Journal of Mineralogy 5 43-5119930293
0006475RichteriteRobert J-L, Della Ventura G, Raudsepp M, Hawthorne F C (1993) Rietveld structure refinement of synthetic strontium-rich potassium-richterites European Journal of Mineralogy 5 199-20619930293
0006476RichteriteRobert J-L, Della Ventura G, Raudsepp M, Hawthorne F C (1993) Rietveld structure refinement of synthetic strontium-rich potassium-richterites European Journal of Mineralogy 5 199-20619930293
0006477RichteriteRobert J-L, Della Ventura G, Raudsepp M, Hawthorne F C (1993) Rietveld structure refinement of synthetic strontium-rich potassium-richterites European Journal of Mineralogy 5 199-20619930293
CIF Raw Data - click here to close

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Loading XRD data...
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
8.29 Å(100)
3.09 Å(70)
3.33 Å(20)
2.695 Å(20)
2.78 Å(16)
4.47 Å(14)
8.85 Å(12)
Comments:
Imerina, Madagascar. ICDD 20-484.

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic ModeEarliest Age (Ga)
Stage 3a: Earth’s earliest Hadean crust>4.50
7 : Ultramafic igneous rocks
High-? alteration and/or metamorphism
31 : Thermally altered carbonate, phosphate, and iron formations
Stage 4b: Highly evolved igneous rocks>3.0
35 : Ultra-alkali and agpaitic igneous rocks
36 : Carbonatites, kimberlites, and related igneous rocks

Type Occurrence of RichteriteHide

Type Locality:
ⓘ LĂ„ngban Mine, LĂ„ngban Ore District, Filipstad, VĂ€rmland County, Sweden
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Mining Academy, Freiberg, Germany, 28854.

Synonyms of RichteriteHide

Other Language Names for RichteriteHide

Varieties of RichteriteHide

AstochiteA manganoan variety of richterite.
MarmairoliteA manganoan Richterite
Potassium-bearing RichteriteK-bearing variety from DeBeers mine (kimberlites), associated, i.a., with hawthorneite.
Riebeckrichterite
Titanium- and Potassium-bearing RichteriteTi- and K-enriched variety from Prairie Creek lamproite, Arkansas, USA, associated, e.g., with haggertyite.

Relationship of Richterite to other SpeciesHide

Member of:
Richterite Root Name Group > Sodium-Calcium Amphibole Subgroup > w(OH,F,Cl)-dominant Amphibole Group > Amphibole Supergroup
Other Members of Richterite Root Name Group:
Ferro-richterite{Na}{CaNa}{Fe2+5}(Si8O22)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
Fluoro-richterite{Na}{CaNa}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(F,OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
Potassic-ferro-richterite{K}{CaNa}{Fe2+5}Si8O22(OH)2
Potassic-fluoro-richterite{K}{CaNa}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(F,OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
Potassic-richterite{K}{CaNa}{Mg5}Si8O22(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m

Common AssociatesHide

Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
117 photos of Richterite associated with HackmaniteNa8Al6Si6O24Cl2
69 photos of Richterite associated with CalciteCaCO3
30 photos of Richterite associated with SodaliteNa4(Si3Al3)O12Cl
21 photos of Richterite associated with AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
18 photos of Richterite associated with PyrrhotiteFe1-xS
14 photos of Richterite associated with HematiteFe2O3
13 photos of Richterite associated with PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
12 photos of Richterite associated with RhodoniteCaMn3Mn[Si5O15]
12 photos of Richterite associated with UraniniteUO2
11 photos of Richterite associated with EudialyteNa15Ca6Fe3Zr3Si(Si25O73)(O,OH,H2O)3(Cl,OH)2

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

9.DE.ShojiiteNa(NaMg)Mg5Si8O22(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.Clino-suenoite◻{Mn2+2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.Mangani-eckermanniteNaNa2(Mg4Mn3+)Si8O22(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.05Permanganogrunerite◻{Mn2+2}{Mn2+5}(Si8O22)(OH)2Mon.
9.DE.05Cummingtonite◻{Mg2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.05Ferri-fluoro-leakeite{Na}{Na2}{Mg2Fe3+2Li}(Si8O22)F2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.05Grunerite◻{Fe2+2}{Fe2+5}(Si8O22)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.05Clino-holmquistite Root Name Group◻{Li2}{Z2+3Z3+2}(Si8O22)(OH,F,Cl)2Mon.
9.DE.10Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.10Fluoro-cannilloiteCaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si5Al3)O22F2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.10JoesmithitePb2+Ca2(Mg3Fe3+2)(Si6Be2)O22(OH)2Mon. 2/m : P2/b
9.DE.10Clino-ferro-suenoite◻{Mn2+2}{Fe2+5}(Si8O22)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.10Fluoro-tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)F2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.10Parvo-manganotremolite◻{CaMn2+}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.10Magnesio-ferri-hornblende◻Ca2(Mg4Fe3+)[(Si7Al)O22](OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.10Ferro-ferri-hornblende◻Ca2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.10Ferro-cannilloiteCaCa2(Fe2+4Al)(Si5Al3O22)OH2
9.DE.10Ferro-ferri-cannilloiteCaCa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Si5Al3O22)OH2
9.DE.10Ferro-fluoro-actinolite◻{Ca2}{Fe5}(Si8O22)F2
9.DE.10Ferro-fluoro-hornblende◻Ca2(Fe2+4Al)(AlSi7O22)F2
9.DE.10Magnesio-ferri-fluoro-hornblende◻Ca2(Mg4Fe3+)(AlSi7O22)F2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.10Ferro-ferri-fluoro-hornblende◻Ca2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(AlSi7O22)F2
9.DE.10Ferri-fluoro-tschermakite◻{Ca2}{Mg3Fe3+2}(Al2Si6O22)F2
9.DE.10Ferro-ferri-fluoro-tschermakite◻{Ca2}{Fe2+3Fe3+2}(Al2Si6O22)F2
9.DE.10Ferro-fluoro-tschermakite◻{Ca2}{Fe2+3Al2}(Al2Si6O22)F2
9.DE.10Fluoro-tschermakite◻{Ca2}{Mg3Al2}(Al2Si6O22)F2
9.DE.10Magnesio-fluoro-hornblende◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(AlSi7O22)F2
9.DE.10Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.10Ferro-ferri-tschermakite◻{Ca2}{Fe2+3Fe3+2}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2Mon.
9.DE.10CannilloiteCaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si5Al3O22)OH2Mon.
9.DE.10Tschermakite◻(Ca2)(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.10Magnesio-hornblende◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.10Ferri-tschermakite◻{Ca2}{Mg3Fe3+2}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2Mon.
9.DE.10Ferro-actinolite◻Ca2Fe2+5(Si8O22)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.10Ferro-hornblende◻Ca2(Fe2+4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.10Ferro-tschermakite◻{Ca2}{Fe2+3Al2}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.15Potassic-chloro-pargasiteKCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22Cl2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.15Ferro-fluoro-pargasite(Na)(Ca2)(Fe2+4Al)(Al2Si6O22)F2
9.DE.15Potassic-ferro-chloro-edeniteKCa2Fe2+5(AlSi7O22)Cl2
9.DE.15Ferro-ferri-sadanagaite{Na}{Ca2}{Fe2+3Fe3+2}(Al3Si5O22)(OH)2Mon.
9.DE.15HastingsiteNaCa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.15Fluoro-edeniteNaCa2Mg5(Si7Al)O22F2Mon. 2/m : P2/m
9.DE.15PargasiteNaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.15Magnesio-fluoro-hastingsiteNaCa2(Mg4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22F2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.15Potassic-fluoro-hastingsiteKCa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22F2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.15Potassic-chloro-hastingsiteKCa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22Cl2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.15Unnamed (F-dominant analogue of Ferri-kaersutite)(Na,K)Ca2[Mg3(Fe3+,Fe2+)Ti](Si6Al2O22)(F,O)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.15EdeniteNaCa2Mg5(Si7Al)O22(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.15Potassic-sadanagaite{K}{Ca2}{Mg3Al2}(Al3Si5O22)(OH)2Mon. 2
9.DE.15Ferri-kaersutiteNaCa2(Mg3Fe3+Ti)(Si6Al2O22)O2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.15Potassic-pargasiteKCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.15Potassic-ferro-sadanagaite{K}{Ca2}{Fe2+3Al2}(Al3Si5O22)(OH)2Mon.
9.DE.15KaersutiteNaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.15Ferro-chloro-pargasiteNaCa2(Fe2+4Al)(Al2Si6O22)Cl2
9.DE.15Potassic-fluoro-pargasiteKCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22F2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.15Potassic-ferro-ferri-sadanagaite{K}{Ca2}{Fe2+3Fe3+2}(Al3Si5O22)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.15Fluoro-pargasiteNaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22F2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.15Parvo-mangano-edenite{Na}{CaMn2+}{Mg5}(AlSi7O22)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.15Ferro-fluoro-edeniteNaCa2Fe2+5(AlSi7O22)F2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.15Mangani-pargasiteNaCa2(Mg4Mn3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.15Sadanagaite{Na}{Ca2}{Mg3Al2}(Si5Al3O22)(OH)2Mon.
9.DE.15Magnesio-hastingsiteNaCa2(Mg4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.15Ferri-sadanagaite{Na}{Ca2}{Mg3Fe3+2}(Al3Si5O22)(OH)2
9.DE.15Ferro-sadanagaite{Na}{Ca2}{Fe3Al2}(Al3Si5O22)(OH)2
9.DE.15Ferri-fluoro-sadanagaite{Na}{Ca2}{Mg3Fe3+2}(Al3Si5O22)F2
9.DE.15Ferro-ferri-fluoro-sadanagaite{Na}{Ca2}{Fe2+3Fe3+2}(Al3Si5O22)F2
9.DE.15Ferro-fluoro-sadanagaite{Na}{Ca2}{Fe2+3Al2}(Al3Si5O22)F2
9.DE.15Fluoro-sadanagaite{Na}{Ca2}{Mg3Al2}(Al3Si5O22)F2
9.DE.15Potassic-chloro-sadanagaite{K}{Ca2}{Mg3Al2}(Al3Si5O22)Cl2
9.DE.15Potassic-ferro-chloro-sadanagaite{K}{Ca2}{Fe2+3Al2}(Al3Si5O22)Cl2
9.DE.15Ferro-edeniteNaCa2Fe2+5(Si7Al)O22(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.15Oxo-magnesio-hastingsiteNaCa2(Mg3(Fe3+2-x,Tix))5(Si6Al2O22)O2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.15Potassic-ferro-pargasiteKCa2(Fe2+4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.15Potassic-hastingsiteKCa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.15Fluoro-hastingsiteNaCa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Al2Si6O22)F2
9.DE.15Potassic-magnesio-hastingsiteKCa2(Mg4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.15Vanadio-pargasiteNaCa2(Mg3+4V)(Al2Si6)O22(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.15Ferro-kaersutiteNaCa2{Fe2+3AlTi}(Si6Al2O22)O2Mon.
9.DE.15Chromio-pargasiteNaCa2(Mg4Cr)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.15Ferro-pargasiteNaCa2(Fe2+4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.20Ghoseite◻[Mn2+Na][Mg4Al]Si8O22(OH)2
9.DE.20Potassic-ferro-taramiteK{CaNa}{Fe2+3Al2}{Si6Al2}O22(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.20Ferri-fluoro-katophoriteNa(CaNa)(Mg4Fe3+)(AlSi7O22)F2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.20Barroisite◻{CaNa}{Mg3Al2}(AlSi7O22)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.20Fluoro-richterite{Na}{CaNa}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(F,OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.20Potassic-ferro-ferri-taramiteK(CaNa)(Fe2+3Fe3+2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.20Potassic-ferri-katophoriteK(CaNa)(Mg4Fe3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2
9.DE.20Potassic-ferro-richterite{K}{CaNa}{Fe2+5}Si8O22(OH)2
9.DE.20Potassic-fluoro-richterite{K}{CaNa}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(F,OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.20Potassic-richterite{K}{CaNa}{Mg5}Si8O22(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.20Ferri-ghoseite◻[Mn2+Na][Mg4Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.20Fluoro-taramite{Na}{CaNa}{Mg3Al2}(Al2Si6O22)F2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.20Ferro-ferri-fluoro-katophoriteNa(CaNa)(Fe2+4Fe3+)(AlSi7O22)F2Mon.
9.DE.20Ferri-winchite◻(NaCa)(Mg4Fe3+)Si8O22(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.20Fluoro-katophoriteNa(CaNa)(Mg4Al)(AlSi7O22)F2Mon.
9.DE.20Hjalmarite{Na}(NaMn}{Mg5}Si8O22(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.20Ferro-taramiteNa(CaNa)(Fe2+3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.20Clinoferroholmquistite◻Li2[Fe2+3Al2]Si8O22(OH,F)2
9.DE.20Ferro-katophorite{Na}{CaNa}{Fe2+4Al}[(AlSi7)O22](OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.20TaramiteNa(CaNa)(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.20Potassic-fluoro-katophoriteK(CaNa)(Mg4Al)(AlSi7O22)F2
9.DE.20Ferro-fluoro-katophoriteNa(CaNa)(Fe2+4Al)(AlSi7O22)F2
9.DE.20Ferri-katophoriteNa(CaNa)(Mg4Fe3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.20Ferro-ferri-barroisite◻(CaNa)(Fe2+3Fe3+2)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2
9.DE.20Ferri-taramiteNa(CaNa)(Mg3Fe3+2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.20Potassic-ferro-ferri-katophorite{K}{CaNa}{Fe2+4Fe3+}[(AlSi7)O22](OH)2
9.DE.20Ferro-ferri-winchite◻[CaNa][Fe2+4(Fe3+,Al)]Si8O22(OH)2
9.DE.20Winchite◻{CaNa}{Mg4Al}(Si8O22)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.20Ferro-fluoro-richterite{Na}{CaNa}{Fe2+5}(Si8O22)F2
9.DE.20Fluoro-winchite◻{CaNa}{Mg4Al}(Si8O22)F2
9.DE.20Ferro-fluoro-winchite◻{CaNa}{Fe2+4Al}(Si8O22)F2
9.DE.20Ferri-barroisite◻(CaNa)(Mg3Fe3+2)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2
9.DE.20Ferro-ferri-taramiteNa(CaNa)(Fe2+3Fe3+2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
9.DE.20Ferri-fluoro-barroisite◻{CaNa}{Mg3Fe3+2}(AlSi7O22)F2
9.DE.20Ferro-fluoro-barroisite◻{CaNa}{Fe2+3Al2}(AlSi7O22)F2
9.DE.20Ferro-ferri-fluoro-barroisite◻{CaNa}{Fe2+3Fe3+2}(AlSi7O22)F2
9.DE.20Fluoro-barroisite◻{CaNa}{Mg3Al2}(AlSi7O22)F2
9.DE.20Ferro-ferri-katophoriteNa(NaCa)(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.20Ferri-fluoro-taramiteNa(CaNa)(Mg3Fe3+2)(Al2Si6O22)F2
9.DE.20Ferro-ferri-fluoro-taramiteNa(CaNa)(Fe2+3Fe3+2)(Al2Si6O22)F2
9.DE.20Ferro-fluoro-taramiteNa(CaNa)(Fe2+3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)F2
9.DE.20Potassic-ferri-taramiteK(CaNa)(Mg3Fe3+2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
9.DE.20Magnesiotaramite{Na}{CaNa}{Mg3AlFe3+}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2Mon.
9.DE.20Ferro-barroisite◻{CaNa}{Fe2+3Al2}(AlSi7O22)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.20Scandio-winchite◻(NaCa)(Mg4Sc)(Si8O22)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.20Ferro-richterite{Na}{CaNa}{Fe2+5}(Si8O22)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.20Katophorite{Na}{CaNa}{Mg4Al}[(AlSi7)O22](OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.20Ferro-winchite ◻{CaNa}{Fe2+4Al}(Si8O22)(OH)2Mon.
9.DE.25Clino-sodic-fluoro-holmquistite{Na}{Li2}{Mg4Al}(Si8O22)F2
9.DE.25Ferro-ferri-nybĂžiteNaNa2[(Fe2+3,Mg)Fe3+2](AlSi7O22)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25Clino-ferro-ferri-holmquistite◻{Li2}{Fe2+3Fe3+2}(Si8O22)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25Oxo-pargasiteNaCa2(Mg3(Al2-xTix))5(Si6Al2O22)O2
9.DE.25Ferri-nybĂžiteNaNa2(Mg3Fe3+2](AlSi7O22)(OH)2Mon.
9.DE.25Ferro-ferri-leakeite[Na][Na2][Fe2+2Fe3+2Li]Si8O22(OH)2Mon.
9.DE.25Ferro-ferri-fluoro-leakeiteNa(Na2)(Fe2+2Fe3+2Li)(Si8O22)(F)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25Ferri-leakeite[Na][Na2][Mg2Fe3+2Li]Si8O22(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25Fluoro-pedriziteNaLi2(Mg2Al2Li)(Si8O22)F2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25EckermanniteNaNa2(Mg4Al}Si8O22(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25Arfvedsonite[Na][Na2][Fe2+4Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25Mangano-ferri-fluoro-leakeiteNaNa2(Mn2+2Fe3+2Li)[Si8O22]F2Mon.
9.DE.25Ferri-obertiiteNaNa2(Mg3Fe3+Ti)Si8O22O2 Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25Riebeckite◻[Na2][Fe2+3Fe3+2]Si8O22(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25Unnamed (Possible K-analogue of Ferri-obertiite)KNa2((Mg,Fe,Na)3Fe3+(Ti,Fe))Si8O22(O,F)2
9.DE.25Magnesio-fluoro-arfvedsonite[Na][Na2][Mg4Fe3+][Si8O22](F,OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25Ferro-fluoro-glaucophane◻[Na2][Fe2+3Al2]Si8O22F2
9.DE.25Oxo-mangani-leakeiteNaNa2(Mn3+4Li)Si8O22O2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25Fluoro-leakeiteNaNa2(Mg2Al2Li)(Si8O22)F2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25NybĂžiteNaNa2(Mg3Al2)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25Sodic-ferri-clinoferroholmquistiteNa0.5{Li2}{Fe2+3Fe3+2}(Si8O22)(OH)2Mon.
9.DE.25Potassic-arfvedsonite[(K,Na)][Na2][Fe2+4Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25Potassic-mangano-mangani-ungarettiiteKNa2(Mn2+2Mn3+3)Si8O22O2
9.DE.25Potassic-jeanlouisiteK(NaCa)(Mg4Ti)Si8O22O2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25Ferri-pedrizite[Na][Li2][Mg2Fe3+2Li]Si8O22(OH)2Mon.
9.DE.25Glaucophane◻[Na2][Mg3Al2]Si8O22(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25Ferro-fluoro-pedriziteNa(Li2)(Fe2+2Al2Li)[Si8O22]F2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25Potassic-ferri-leakeite[K][Na2][Mg2Fe3+2Li]Si8O22(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25Potassic-magnesio-fluoro-arfvedsonite[(K,Na)][Na2][Mg4Fe3+][Si8O22][(F,OH)2]Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25Mangani-obertiiteNaNa2(Mg3Mn3+Ti4+)Si8O22O2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25Scandio-fluoro-eckermannite NaNa2(Mg4Sc)(Si8O22)F2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25Ferro-eckermanniteNaNa2(Fe2+4Al)Si8O22(OH)2Mon.
9.DE.25Ferro-ferri-pedrizite[Na][Li2][Fe2+2Fe3+2Li]Si8O22(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25PedriziteNaLi2(LiMg2Al2)(Si8O22)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25Ferro-pedriziteNaLi2(Fe2+2Al2Li)Si8O22(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25Potassic-mangani-leakeite[(Na,K)][Na2][Mg2Mn3+2Li]Si8O22(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25Clino-fluoro-holmquistite◻{Li2}{Mg3Al2}(Si8O22)F2
9.DE.25Ferro-ferri-obertiiteNaNa2(Fe2+3Fe3+Ti)Si8O22O2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25Magnesio-riebeckite◻{Na2}{Mg3Fe3+2}(Si8O22)(OH)2Mon.
9.DE.25Potassic-magnesio-arfvedsonite[K][Na2][Mg4Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25Fluoro-nybĂžiteNaNa2(Mg3Al2)(AlSi7O22)(F,OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25Mangano-ferri-eckermannite{Na}{Na2}{Mn2+4Fe3+}Si8O22(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25Fluoro-glaucophane◻[Na2][Mg3Al2]Si8O22F2
9.DE.25Fluoro-riebeckite◻{Na2}{Fe2+3Fe3+2}(Si8O22)F2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25Magnesio-fluoro-riebeckite◻{Na2}{Mg3Fe3+2}(Si8O22)F2
9.DE.25Fluoro-eckermanniteNaNa2(Mg4Al}Si8O22F2
9.DE.25Ferro-fluoro-eckermanniteNaNa2(Fe2+4Al}Si8O22F2
9.DE.25Fluoro-arfvedsonite[Na][Na2][Fe2+4Fe3+]Si8O22F2
9.DE.25Magnesio-arfvedsonite{Na}{Na2}{Mg4Fe3+}(Si8O22)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25Ferri-fluoro-nybĂžiteNaNa2(Mg3Fe3+2)(AlSi7O22)F2
9.DE.25Ferro-ferri-fluoro-nybĂžiteNaNa2(Fe2+3Fe3+2)(AlSi7O22)F2
9.DE.25Ferro-glaucophane◻[Na2][Fe2+3Al2]Si8O22(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25Ferro-fluoro-nybĂžiteNaNa2(Fe2+3Al2)(AlSi7O22)F2
9.DE.25Mangani-dellaventuraiteNaNa2(MgMn3+2Ti4+Li)Si8O22O2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25Ferro-leakeiteNaNa2(Fe2+2Al2Li)(Si8O22)(OH)2
9.DE.25LeakeiteNaNa2(Mg2Al2Li)(Si8O22)(OH)2
9.DE.25Potassic-leakeiteKNa2(Mg2Al2Li)(Si8O22)(OH)2
9.DE.25Ferri-fluoro-pedriziteNaLi2(LiMg2Fe3+2)(Si8O22)F2
9.DE.25Ferro-ferri-fluoro-pedriziteNaLi2(LiFe2+2Fe3+2)(Si8O22)F2
9.DE.25Ferro-nybĂžiteNaNa2(Fe2+3Al2)(AlSi7)O22(OH)2Mon.
9.DE.25Clino-ferro-ferri-fluoro-holmquistite◻{Li2}{Fe2+3Fe3+2}(Si8O22)F2
9.DE.25Mangano-mangani-ungarettiiteNaNa2(Mn2+2Mn3+3)(Si8O22)O2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DE.25Clino-ferri-fluoro-holmquistite◻{Li2}{Mg3Fe3+2}(Si8O22)F2
9.DE.25Clino-ferro-fluoro-holmquistite◻{Li2}{Fe2+3Al2}(Si8O22)F2

Fluorescence of RichteriteHide

Other InformationHide

Magnetism:
Non-Magnetic
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Richterite in petrologyHide

Internet Links for RichteriteHide

References for RichteriteHide

Reference List:
Breithaupt, August (1865) Mineralogische Studien. 25. Richterit, in Mineralogischen Studien. Berg- und hĂŒttenmĂ€nnische Zeitung, 364
Leake, Bernard E. (1978) Nomenclature of amphiboles. American Mineralogist, 63 (11-12) 1023-1052
Mottana, A., Paris, E., Della Ventura, G., Robert, J.-L. (1990) Spectroscopic evidence for tetrahedrally-coordinated titanium in richteritic amphiboles. Rend. Fis. Accad. Lincei: 1: 387-392.
Oberti, Roberta, Ungaretti, Luciano, Cannillo, Elio, Hawthorne, Frank C. (1992) The behaviour of Ti in amphiboles: I. Four- and six-coordinate Ti in richterite. European Journal of Mineralogy, 4 (3) 425-440 doi:10.1127/ejm/4/3/0425
Oberti, Roberta, Hawthorne, Frank C., Ungaretti, Luciano, Cnr, Cannillo (1993) The behaviour of Mn in amphiboles: Mn in richterite. European Journal of Mineralogy, 5 (1) 43-52 doi:10.1127/ejm/5/1/0043
Hawthorne, Frank C., Della Ventura, Giancarlo, Robert, Jean-Louis, Welch, Mark D., Raudsepp, Mati, Jenkins, David M. (1997) A Rietveld and infrared study of synthetic amphiboles along the potassium-richterite-tremolite join. American Mineralogist, 82 (7) 708-716 doi:10.2138/am-1997-7-808
Andrut, M., Gottschalk, M., Melzer, S., Najorka, J. (2000) Lattice vibrational modes in synthetic tremolite-Sr-tremolite and tremolite-richterite solid solutions. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 27 (5) 301-309 doi:10.1007/s002690050259
Melzer, Stefan, Gottschalk, Matthias, Andrut, Michael, Heinrich, Wilhelm (2000) Crystal chemistry of K-richterite-richterite-tremolite solid solutions: a SEM, EMP, XRD, HRTEM and IR study. European Journal of Mineralogy, 12 (2) 273-291 doi:10.1127/ejm/12/2/0273
(2001) Richterite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America
Ishida, Kiyotaka, Hawthorne, Frank C. (2001) Assignment of infrared OH-stretching bands in manganoan magnesio-arfvedsonite and richterite through heat-treatment. American Mineralogist, 86 (9) 965-972 doi:10.2138/am-2001-8-902
Hawthorne, F. C., Oberti, R. (2006) On the classification of amphiboles. The Canadian Mineralogist, 44 (1) 1-21 doi:10.2113/gscanmin.44.1.1
Hawthorne, F. C., Oberti, R., Zanetti, A., Nayak, V.K. (2008) The crystal chemistry of alkali amphiboles from the Kajlidongri Manganese Mine, India. The Canadian Mineralogist, 46 (2) 455-466 doi:10.3749/canmin.46.2.455
Hawthorne, F. C., Oberti, R., Harlow, G. E., Maresch, W. V., Martin, R. F., Schumacher, J. C., Welch, M. D. (2012) Nomenclature of the amphibole supergroup. American Mineralogist, 97 (11) 2031-2048 doi:10.2138/am.2012.4276
Della Ventura, Giancarlo, Redhammer, GĂŒnther J., Robert, Jean-Louis, Sergent, Jose, Iezzi, Gianluca, Cavallo, Andrea (2016) Crystal-Chemistry of Synthetic Amphiboles Along the Richterite–Ferro-Richterite Join: A Combined Spectroscopic (FTIR, Mössbauer), XRPD, and Microchemical Study. The Canadian Mineralogist, 54 (1) 97-114 doi:10.3749/canmin.1500076
Day, Maxwell C., Hawthorne, Frank C., Susta, Umberto, Della Ventura, Giancarlo, Harlow, George E. (2018) Short-Range Order-Disorder in Gem Richterite and Pargasite from Afghanistan: Crystal-Structure Refinement and Infrared Spectroscopy. The Canadian Mineralogist, 56 (6) 939-950 doi:10.3749/canmin.1800052

Localities for RichteriteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Afghanistan
 
  • Badakhshan
Dipl. Min. M. Schaeffer +1 other reference
    • Kuran Wa Munjan District
Richard Dale collection & earlier ...
      • Sar-e-Sang
Woodside (n.d.)
Dudley Blauwet (2008) +1 other reference
Angola
 
  • Huambo Province
    • Londuimbali
Gonçalves +1 other reference
  • HuĂ­la Province
    • Quilengues
Amores-Casals et al. (2019)
Antarctica
 
  • East Antarctica
    • Mac Robertson Land
      • Prince Charles Mountains
Sheraton et al. (1980)
    • Queen Maud Land
Woolley (2019)
Australia
 
  • Bonaparte Basin
Gorter et al. (2002)
Cundari (1973) +3 other references
  • New South Wales
Dunn et al. (2007)
  • Victoria
    • Macedon Ranges Shire
      • Mount Macedon
Museum Victoria Mineralogy Collection
  • Western Australia
Jaques et al. (1984)
      • Calwynyardah Station
        • Calwynyardah field
Hwang et al. (1994)
      • Ellendale
Department of Mines Western Australia (1990)
Jaques et al. (1986)
Dept of Mines WA (1990)
Jaques et al. (1986)
Jaques et al. (1986)
Department of Mines Western Australia (1990)
      • Fitzroy Crossing
Jaques et al. (1986)
Jaques et al. (1986)
      • Noonkanbah Station
Velde (1968) +3 other references
Jaques et al. (1986)
Jaques et al. (1986)
Jaques et al. (1986)
Jaques et al. (1986)
Jaques et al. (1986)
    • Halls Creek Shire
Sun et al. (1986, September) +2 other references
    • Leonora Shire
Kiviets et al. (1998)
    • Wyndham-East Kimberley Shire
Boxer et al. (1990)
      • Bow River Station
Jaques et al. (1986) +3 other references
Austria
 
  • Lower Austria
    • Waidhofen an der Thaya District
Exel (1993)
      • Waidhofen an der Thaya
Nĕmec (1988)
  • Salzburg
    • Tamsweg District
      • Tweng
Kolitsch et al. (2021)
  • Tyrol
    • Innsbruck-Land District
      • Obernberg am Brenner
Kolitsch et al. (2018)
Brazil
 
  • GoiĂĄs
    • CatalĂŁo
Guarino (2010)
  • Minas Gerais
    • Ipanema
Guarino (2010)
  • ParanĂĄ
    • Tijucas do Sul
      • Morro Redondo complex
Grangeiro et al. (2025)
  • RondĂŽnia
    • EspigĂŁo d'Oeste
      • Carolina cluster
Gervasoni et al. (2022)
  • SĂŁo Paulo
    • Cajati
Oliveira et al. (2020)
Menezes et al. (1984)
Bulgaria
 
  • Sofia Province
    • Svoge Municipality
      • Svidnya
Grozdanov +4 other references
Burundi
 
  • Kayanza Province
    • Matongo
Midende et al. (2014)
Cameroon
 
  • Adamawa Region
    • Vina
      • Nganha
Gouhier (1974) +1 other reference
  • Northwest Region
Marzoli et al. (Africa) +8 other references
Canada
 
  • Alberta
    • Sturgeon County
Mason (1972)
  • British Columbia
    • Kamloops Mining Division
      • Blue River carbonatites
Chudy T et al. (2014)
- (n.d.)
Blue River Carbonatites et al. (http://www.commerceresources.com/i/pdf/05-BCGOVRREPORT.pdf)
    • Omineca Mining Division
      • Williston Lake
Jennifer Pell (1994) +1 other reference
  • Nova Scotia
    • Cumberland Co.
Doucette et al. (1997)
  • Nunavut
    • Qikiqtaaluk Region
      • Ungava bay
        • Abloviak fjord
Tappe et al. (2004)
  • Ontario
    • Algoma District
      • McMurray Township
Sage (1988)
    • Haliburton County
      • Highlands East Township
        • Monmouth Township
Hawthorne et al. (2006)
Mielke (n.d.)
  • QuĂ©bec
    • Abitibi-TĂ©miscamingue
      • TĂ©miscamingue RCM
        • Les Lacs-du-TĂ©miscamingue
Currie et al. (1996) +1 other reference
    • Laurentides
      • Deux-Montagnes RCM
        • Oka
Self collected specimen with analysis by Frank Hawthorne: (Na0.88K0.09) +1 other reference
Gaston Pouliot (1970)
    • MontĂ©rĂ©gie
      • La VallĂ©e-du-Richelieu RCM
        • Mont Saint-Hilaire
Grice (1989) +1 other reference
    • Outaouais
      • Les Collines-de-l'Outaouais RCM
        • Chelsea
          • Autoroute 5
 Jeffrey de Fourestier collection
Hogarth (2016)
China
 
  • Gansu
    • Longnan
      • Li County
Yu et al. (2001) +2 other references
  • Guizhou
    • Qiandongnan
      • Zhenyuan County
Zhang et al. (2023)
  • Heilongjiang
    • Harbin
      • Tonghe County
Wu et al. (2002)
  • Hunan
    • Changsha
      • Ningxiang City
Mei et al. (1998)
  • Inner Mongolia
    • Baotou City (Baotou Prefecture)
      • Bayan Obo mining district
        • Bayan Obo
Qingchang Meng (1981) +1 other reference
Miyawaki et al. (2011)
  • Liaoning
    • Dandong
      • Kuandian County
Yiming Zhao and Daxin Li (2003)
  • Shaanxi
    • Hanzhong
      • Ningqiang County
Jiuling Zhang (1982)
  • Xinjiang
    • Changji Autonomous Prefecture (Sanji Autonomous Prefecture)
Yang et al. (2011)
Czech Republic
 
  • South Bohemian Region
    • ČeskĂœ Krumlov District
      • ČernĂĄ v PoĆĄumavĂ­
        • BliĆŸnĂĄ
RadkovĂĄ et al. (2021)
  • Vysočina Region
    • Tƙebíč District
Nemec (1988)
Europe
 
www.bgd.bg/summanual_2003_2.htm.
Finland
 
  • Lapland
    • Savukoski
      • Tulppio
Vartiainen (1980) +22 other references
    • SodankylĂ€
Geological Survey of Finland 2008 ...
  • North Ostrobothnia
    • PudasjĂ€rvi
www.geologinenseura.fi (2017)
  • North Savo
Hugh E. O'Brien and Matti Tyni (1999)
    • SiilinjĂ€rvi
Puustinnen +29 other references
Information of mine geologist given to Yves Heroes in 1995 (http://www.mindat.org/mesg-105-240534.html) +1 other reference
France
 
  • Auvergne-RhĂŽne-Alpes
    • Savoie
      • Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne
        • Bessans
Chopin (1978)
        • Bonneval-sur-Arc
Chopin (1978)
  • Corsica
    • Corse-du-Sud
      • Ajaccio
        • Tolla
Bonin et al. (1972) +3 other references
    • Haute-Corse
      • Bastia
Velde (1968)
  • French Polynesia
    • Marquesas Islands
LIOTARD et al. (1984) +3 other references
  • Nouvelle-Aquitaine
    • Charente
      • AngoulĂȘme
        • Saint-SĂ©verin
Brearley et al. (1998)
  • Occitanie
    • Haute-Garonne
      • Toulouse
        • Saint-Jory
Brearley et al. (1998)
Germany
 
  • Baden-WĂŒrttemberg
    • Karlsruhe Region
      • Rhein-Neckar-Kreis
        • Eberbach
Lippolt et al. (1976) +4 other references
  • Rhineland-Palatinate
    • Mayen-Koblenz
      • Mendig
        • Mendig
SchÀfer et al. (2018)
      • Pellenz
        • Nickenich
KĂŒnzel et al. (2011)
    • Vulkaneifel
      • Daun
        • Üdersdorf
Lapis (2010)
      • Gerolstein
        • Rockeskyll
          • Rockeskyll volcanic complex
in the collection of Christof SchÀfer
  • Saxony-Anhalt
    • Saalekreis
      • Landsberg
Wand et al. (1989) +7 other references
Greenland
 
  • Kujalleq
CegieƂka et al. (2019)
  • Northeast Greenland National Park
Brooks et al. (1982)
  • Qeqqata
    • Isortoq Fjord (SĂžndre Isortoq)
      • Sarfartoq region
Petersen et al. (1984)
www.koeln.netsurf.de (1999)
  • Sermersooq
Tappe et al. (2009)
India
 
  • Andhra Pradesh
    • Anantapur District
Gupta et al. (1986, September) +2 other references
Ajit Kumar Reddy (1987) +3 other references
        • Timmasamudram cluster
Shaikh et al. (2017)
        • Wajrakarur–Lattavaram cluster
Kaur et al. (2016)
    • Krishna District
Rao et al. (1996) +4 other references
Chalapati Rao et al. (1996)
  • Jharkhand
    • Dhanbad District
Rock et al. (1992) +3 other references
Rock et al. (1992)
  • Madhya Pradesh
    • Jabalpur Division
      • Balaghat District
Babu et al. (1961)
    • Jhabua District
Hawthorne et al. (2008)
  • Meghalaya
    • East Khasi Hills District
Krishnamurthy (1985) +1 other reference
  • Rajasthan
    • Jodhpur Division
      • Sirohi district
Subrahmanyam et al. (1977) +3 other references
  • Telangana
    • Nalgonda District
Kaur et al. (2016)
  • West Bengal
    • Paschim Medinipur District
Kent et al. (1998)
    • Purulia District
Mineral. Petrol. 95 (2009) +1 other reference
Ghosh Roy et al. (1993) +2 other references
Indonesia
 
  • Central Kalimantan Province
    • Murung Raya Regency
Wagner (1986)
Italy
 
  • Aosta Valley
    • Bard
Wagner et al. (1985)
    • Saint-Marcel
      • Servette-Chuc mining complex
Castello (1982)
    • Valtournenche
      • Breuil-Cervinia
Piccoli et al. (2007)
  • Lazio
    • Metropolitan City of Rome Capital
Caponera I.
Caponera et al. (2003)
      • Albano Laziale
Caponera et al. (2003)
Fiori et al. (2001)
    • Viterbo Province
      • Onano
Signoretti et al. (2007)
  • Liguria
    • La Spezia Province
      • Borghetto di Vara
Palenzona et al. (1988)
  • Lombardy
    • Sondrio Province
      • Chiesa in Valmalenco
Marchesini et al. (2025)
      • Lanzada
        • Scerscen Valley
BedognĂš et al. (1993)
  • Piedmont
    • Cuneo Province
      • Canosio
        • Vallone della Valletta
CĂĄmara et al. (2017)
    • Metropolitan City of Turin
      • Lessolo
        • Calea
Haas (n.d.)
  • Tuscany
    • Pisa Province
      • Lajatico
Stefanini +4 other references
Japan
 
  • Aichi Prefecture
    • Kitashitara County
      • Shitara
Mineral. Journal
  • Ehime Prefecture
    • Ouzu City
Fukushima et al. (2005)
  • Iwate Prefecture
    • Kunohe-gun
      • Noda
Nambu +4 other references
    • Shimohei District
      • Tanohata
H. Momoi (1964)
  • Kyoto Prefecture
    • Kizugawa City
- (n.d.)
  • Niigata Prefecture
    • Itoigawa City
Takasu A et al. (Sakamoto)
  • Tochigi Prefecture
    • Kanuma City
Matsubara et al. (2007)
Kazakhstan
 
  • Ulytau Region
    • Zhanaarka District
      • Atasu Mine
Kayupova (1964)
Kenya
 
  • Homa Bay County
Sutherland (1969)
Madagascar
 
  • Amoron'i Mania
    • Ambatofinandrahana District
      • Itremo
Rasoamalala et al. (2014)
  • Anosy
    • Amboasary Sud District
      • Tranomaro
Lavinsky (n.d.)
Malawi
 
  • Southern Region
    • Machinga
Garson (1960) +8 other references
    • Zomba
Dowman et al. (2017)
Morocco
 
  • Oriental Region
    • Taourirt Province
Cherotzky +6 other references
Myanmar
 
  • Kachin State
    • Mohnyin District
      • Hpakant Township (Hpakan; Phakant; Phakan)
Shi et al. (2011) +2 other references
Shi et al. (2012)
Jing Wang et al. (2013)
C. Mével and J.R. Kiénast +2 other references
Namibia
 
  • Otjozondjupa Region
    • Otavi Constituency
      • Kombat
Dunn (1991)
New Zealand
 
  • Bay of Plenty Region
    • Rotorua District
      • Mount Ngongotaha
www.abdn.ac.uk (n.d.)
Niger
 
  • Agadez
    • Arlit
Karche et al. (1977) +3 other references
Nigeria
 
  • Jigawa
    • Dutse
Bennett et al. (1984) +1 other reference
North Macedonia
 
  • ČaĆĄka Municipality
    • NeĆŸilovo
      • Jakupica Mountains
        • Babuna Valley
Chukanov et al. (2015)
Norway
 
  • Telemark
    • Nome
Kresten et al. (1986)
Larsen et al. (2019)
Oman
 
  • Ash Sharqiyah South Governorate
Nasir et al. (2008, October)
Paraguay
 
  • Alto Paraguay Department
Comin-Chiaramonti et al. (2016)
  • GuairĂĄ Department
Presser et al. (2014)
Poland
 
  • Lower Silesian Voivodeship
    • KƂodzko County
      • Gmina KƂodzko
 ...
      • Gmina Stronie ƚląskie
WierzchoƂowski (Middle Sudetes)
  • Silesian Voivodeship
    • PszczyƄa County
Szopa +4 other references
Szopa +4 other references
Portugal
 
  • Azores
    • SĂŁo Miguel
Sturla et al. (2020)
      • Ribeira Grande
Sturla et al. (2020)
Russia
 
  • Aldan Shield
    • Chara and Tokko Rivers Confluence
Konev et al. (1993)
Dokuchits et al. (2022)
  • Buryatia
    • Baunt District
Doroshkevich et al. (2007)
    • Ivolginsky District
Ripp (2002) +1 other reference
  • Chelyabinsk Oblast
    • Vishnevye Mountains
Nedosekova (2007) +1 other reference
webmineral.ru (2016)
  • Irkutsk Oblast
Vladykin et al. (2008)
  • Khabarovsk Krai
    • Ayano-Maysky district
Lennikov et al. (2004)
    • Taikan Ridge
      • Ir-Nimi manganese deposit
Pavel M. Kartashov analytical data of ...
  • Krasnoyarsk Krai
    • Enisei Range (Yenisei Ridge; Enisei Ridge)
      • Tatarka Range
Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.)
    • Maimecha and Kotui Rivers Basin
Dvorani (2016)
  • Murmansk Oblast
Chakhmouradian et al. (2002)
Arzamastsev et al. (2006)
Konopleva et al. (2008)
    • Kolsky District
Kogarko et al. (1995)
    • Kovdorsky District
Mikhailova et al. (2015) +2 other references
Krasnova (2001)
Mikhailova et al. (2015)
    • Lovozero Massif
Mokrushina et al. (2023)
    • Lovozersky District
      • Suoluai River Valley
Selivanova et al. (2024)
Arzamastseva et al. (1999) +1 other reference
    • Northern Karelia
 ...
Konopleva et al. (2008)
    • Turii Cape
Keith Bell et al. (1996) +1 other reference
Konopleva et al. (2008)
Yakovenchuk et al. (2008)
Konopleva et al. (2008)
  • Republic of Karelia
    • Kostomuksha City District
      • Kostomuksha Fe deposit
Gorkovetz et al. (2012)
    • Loukhsky District
Kovalskaya et al. (2017) +2 other references
  • Sakha
    • Aldan
Ponomarchuk et al. (2019)
geo.web.ru (2007)
    • Mirninsky District
      • Alakit-Markha
Ashchepkov et al. (2015)
      • Daldyn
Rezvukhin +3 other references
    • Northern Yakutia
      • Olenyok (Olenek) river basin
        • West Ukukit kimberlite field
Ashchepkov et al. (2021)
  • Tuva
Doroshkevich et al. (2016)
Slovakia
 
  • BanskĂĄ Bystrica Region
    • Lučenec District
HuraiovĂĄ et al. (2017)
  • PreĆĄov Region
    • Vranov nad TopÄŸou District
      • Vechec
Ďuďa
South Africa
 
  • Northern Cape
    • Frances Baard District Municipality
      • Sol Plaatje Local Municipality
        • Kimberley
Konzett et al. (2013)
          • KEM JV Mine (Kimberley Ekapa Mining Joint Venture mine; Kimberley Underground mine)
Tarasov (2022)
    • John Taolo Gaetsewe District Municipality
      • Joe Morolong Local Municipality
        • N'Chwaning Mines
Cairncross et al. (1995)
Gu et al. (2019)
Pohl et al. (1991)
Spain
 
  • Canary Islands
    • Las Palmas Province
      • Gran Canaria
H.U. Schmincke and M. Sumita : "Tephra Event Stratigraphy and Emplacement of Volcanoclastic Sediments et al. (ISSN: 1096-7451)
  • Castile-La Mancha
    • Albacete
      • HellĂ­n
Venturelli et al. (1984) +2 other references
Salvioli-Mariani et al. (1996)
  • Murcia
    • Jumilla
Nobel +11 other references
Salvioli-Mariani et al. (1996)
Sweden
 
  • Dalarna County
    • Hedemora
      • Garpenberg
Grensman et al. (2001)
  • Örebro County
    • HĂ€llefors
      • Grythyttan
    • Lindesberg
      • Nyberget
Roy (1972)
Holtstam (1994)
Koark (1970)
  • VĂ€rmland County
    • Filipstad
      • LĂ„ngban Ore District
[var: Astochite] Sjögren (1891)
Langhof (2003)
Holtstam et al. (1999)
Wiklund (2003)
Nysten (2003)
      • Nordmark mining district
        • Jakobsberg ore field
      • Persberg ore district
        • Pajsberg
Hamberg (1888) +1 other reference
  • VĂ€sternorrland County
    • Sundsvall
Kresten +20 other references
    • TimrĂ„
Sandström et al. (2010)
  • VĂ€stmanland County
    • Norberg
Ounchanum et al. (1987)
Nysten et al. (2016)
Switzerland
 
  • Grisons
    • Bernina Region
      • Poschiavo
Romani (2000) +1 other reference
Romani (2000) +1 other reference
    • Maloja Region
      • Sils im Engadin/Segl
Philipp. R. (1982) +1 other reference
Tanzania
 
  • Songwe Region
Harmer et al. (2016)
Turkey
 
  • Burdur Province
    • Bucak District
Lefevre et al. (1983) +4 other references
  • EskiƟehir Province
    • Beylikova District
Ersoy et al. (2025)
Uganda
 
  • Eastern Region
    • Tororo
Sutherland (1969)
Ukraine
 
  • Donetsk Oblast
    • Volnovakha Raion
Dubyna O.V. et al. (2020)
USA
 
  • Arizona
    • Coconino County
      • Meteor Crater area
Olsen et al. (1968) +1 other reference
  • Arkansas
    • Pike County
      • Murfreesboro
B. H (1984) +2 other references
  • California
    • Humboldt County
 ...
  • Colorado
    • El Paso County
Livingston (2020)
    • Fremont County
USGS Bull 2192
    • Grand County
      • Middle Park
        • Rabbit Ears Pass
Thompson
    • Gunnison County
      • White Earth Mining District (Powderhorn Mining District)
USGS Bull 2192. +1 other reference
    • Larimer County
Eckel et al. (1997)
  • Hawaii
    • Maui County
      • Maui Island
Velde (1978)
  • Kansas
Woolley (1987)
Mitchell et al. (1999)
  • Montana
    • Garfield County
Velde (1968) +1 other reference
    • Lincoln County
      • Libby Mining District (Snowshoe Mining District)
        • Libby
Lowers +2 other references
      • Rainy Creek Mining District
Sanchez et al. (2008)
Gobla (2012)
    • Meagher County
Mitchell (2000) +1 other reference
  • New Jersey
    • Sussex County
      • Franklin
Dunn (1995)
  • New York
    • St. Lawrence County
      • Fowler
        • Balmat
Chamberlain et al. (2023)
  • North Carolina
    • Haywood County
Anderson et al. (2009)
  • Texas
    • Hudspeth County
Smith (1991)
Price (1983)
Price (1983)
Price (1983)
Price (1983)
    • Wichita County
      • Electra
Olsen (7 April 1967)
  • Utah
    • Summit County
      • Woodland
Best et al. (1968)
  • Wyoming
    • Sweetwater County
Hausel et al. (2001)
Yemen
 
  • Al Mahwit Governorate
Civetta et al. (1978) +1 other reference
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