Palygorskite Group
A group of related mineral species
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About Palygorskite Group
Formula:
(M1)(M2)2(M3)2(M4)2(T1)4(T2)4O20(OH)2(H2O,OH) · Z
M1 = Fe3+, ◻, Mn2+, Ca, Mg
M2 = Fe3+, Mn2+, Al, ◻
M3 = Mg, Na, Mn2+, Ca, Fe3+, ◻
M4 = ◻, Ca, Ti, Mn2+
T1 = Si, Al, Ti, Fe3+
T2 = Si, Al, Ti, Fe3+
Z=nH2O, Na(H2O)6
M2 = Fe3+, Mn2+, Al, ◻
M3 = Mg, Na, Mn2+, Ca, Fe3+, ◻
M4 = ◻, Ca, Ti, Mn2+
T1 = Si, Al, Ti, Fe3+
T2 = Si, Al, Ti, Fe3+
Z=nH2O, Na(H2O)6
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
41568
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:41568:8
Chemistry of Palygorskite Group
Mindat Formula:
(M1)(M2)2(M3)2(M4)2(T1)4(T2)4O20(OH)2(H2O,OH) · Z
M1 = Fe3+, ◻, Mn2+, Ca, Mg
M2 = Fe3+, Mn2+, Al, ◻
M3 = Mg, Na, Mn2+, Ca, Fe3+, ◻
M4 = ◻, Ca, Ti, Mn2+
T1 = Si, Al, Ti, Fe3+
T2 = Si, Al, Ti, Fe3+
Z=nH2O, Na(H2O)6
M1 = Fe3+, ◻, Mn2+, Ca, Mg
M2 = Fe3+, Mn2+, Al, ◻
M3 = Mg, Na, Mn2+, Ca, Fe3+, ◻
M4 = ◻, Ca, Ti, Mn2+
T1 = Si, Al, Ti, Fe3+
T2 = Si, Al, Ti, Fe3+
Z=nH2O, Na(H2O)6
Chemical Analysis
Oxide wt%:
| 1 | 2 | |
|---|---|---|
| Na2O | 3.23 % | 3.80 % |
| K2O | 0.78 % | 0.31 % |
| Fe2O3 | 20.63 % | 19.77 % |
| MnO | 5.31 % | 6.01 % |
| ZnO | 0.81 % | 0.71 % |
| MgO | 1.04 % | |
| SiO2 | 56.38 % | 56.62 % |
| Al2O3 | 0.47 % | 0.60 % |
| H2O (calc) | 11.35 % | 12.18 % |
| Total: | 100 % | 100 % |
Empirical formulas:
| Sample ID | Empirical Formula |
|---|---|
| 3 | (Na1.85K0.01)Σ1.86(Fe2.83Mn0.08Mg0.04Ca0.02Zn0.02)Σ2.99(Si7.96Al0.03Ti0.02Σ8.01O20((OH)2.47F0.04Cl0.03)Σ2.54(OH)2)3.90 |
Sample references:
| ID | Type | Locality | Reference | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Type Specimen | Tuperssuatsiat Bay, Tunulliarfik Fjord, Ilímaussaq complex, Kujalleq, Greenland | Fe calculated as Fe3+ Electron-microprobe. Average of seven analyses. | |
| 2 | North shore, Tunulliarfik Fjord, Ilímaussaq complex, Kujalleq, Greenland | Electron microprobe, average of the first nine analysis by Karup-Møller. | ||
| 3 | Aris Quarries, Aris, Windhoek Rural, Khomas Region, Namibia |
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0004563 | Palygorskite | Post J E, Heaney P J (2008) Synchotron powder X-ray diffraction study of the structure and dehydration behavior of palygorskite American Mineralogist 93 667-675 |  | 2008 | Yulu River, Korea | 0 | 293 |
| 0004564 | Palygorskite | Post J E, Heaney P J (2008) Synchotron powder X-ray diffraction study of the structure and dehydration behavior of palygorskite American Mineralogist 93 667-675 | | 2008 | Yulu River, Korea | 0 | 293 |
| 0004565 | Palygorskite | Post J E, Heaney P J (2008) Synchotron powder X-ray diffraction study of the structure and dehydration behavior of palygorskite American Mineralogist 93 667-675 | | 2008 | Lemesurier Island, Alaska | 0 | 293 |
| 0006953 | Palygorskite | Chiari G, Giustetto R, Ricchiardi G (2003) Crystal structure refinements of palygorskite and Maya Blue from molecular modeling and powder synchrotron diffraction European Journal of Mineralogy 15 21-33 | 2003 | 0 | 293 | ||
| 0006954 | Palygorskite | Chiari G, Giustetto R, Ricchiardi G (2003) Crystal structure refinements of palygorskite and Maya Blue from molecular modeling and powder synchrotron diffraction European Journal of Mineralogy 15 21-33 | 2003 | 0 | 293 | ||
| 0007074 | Palygorskite | Guistetto R, Chiari G (2004) Crystal structure refinement of palygorskite from neutron powder diffraction European Journal of Mineralogy 16 521-532 | 2004 | Lorenzo Pech mine, near Ticul, on the way to Chapab, Chiapas, Mexico | 0 | 293 | |
| 0007075 | Palygorskite | Guistetto R, Chiari G (2004) Crystal structure refinement of palygorskite from neutron powder diffraction European Journal of Mineralogy 16 521-532 | 2004 | Lorenzo Pech mine, near Ticul, on the way to Chapab, Chiapas, Mexico | 0 | 293 | |
| 0002916 | Tuperssuatsiaite | Camara F, Garvie L A J, Devouard B, Groy T L, Buseck P R (2002) The structure of Mn-tuperssuatsiaite, a palygorskite-related mineral American Mineralogist 87 1458-1463 | | 2002 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0019873 | Yofortierite | Hawthorne F C, Abdu Y A, Tait K T, Back M E (2013) The crystal structure of yofortierite The Canadian Mineralogist 51 243-251 | 2013 | Poudrette Quarry, Mont St. Hilaire, Quebec, Canada | 0 | 293 | |
| 0018919 | Windhoekite | Chukanov N V, Britvin S N, Blass G, Belakovskiy D I, Van K V (2012) Windhoekite, Ca2Fe3+3-x(Si8O20)(OH)4*10H2O, a new palygorskite-group mineral from the Aris phonolite, Namibia crystal structure. The structure is missing two oxygens, and the OH positions were not given. European Journal of Mineralogy 24 171-179 | 2012 | Aris phonolite, Namibia | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
Relationship of Palygorskite Group to other Species
Palygorskite Group Members:
| Ikorskyite | KMn3+(Si4O10) · 3H2O | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
| Palygorskite | ◻Al2Mg2◻2Si8O20(OH)2(H2O)4 · 4H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Raite | Mn2+Mn2+2Na2(◻1.75Ti0.25)Si8O20(OH)2(H2O)4 · Na(H2O)6 | Orth. 2 2 2 : C2 2 2 |
| Tuperssuatsiaite | Fe3+Fe3+2(Na◻)◻2Si8O20(OH)2(H2O)4 · 2H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Unnamed (Na-Ca-Fe-Silicate-Hydrate) | NaCa(Fe2+,Al,Mn)5[Si8O19(OH)](OH)7 · 5H2O | Tric. 1 : P1 |
| Windhoekite | Fe3+(Fe3+1.67◻0.33)Ca2◻2Si8O20(OH)2(H2O)4(OH)2 · 6H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Windmountainite | ◻Fe3+2Mg2◻2Si8O20(OH)2(H2O)4 · 4H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Yofortierite | Mn2+Mn2+2Mn2+2◻2Si8O20(OH)2(H2O)4 · 4H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Palygorskite Group
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-41568.html
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References for Palygorskite Group
Localities for Palygorskite Group
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Poudrette quarry, Mont Saint-Hilaire, La Vallée-du-Richelieu RCM, Montérégie, Québec, Canada