Bonattite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Bonattite
Stefano A. Bonatti
Formula:
CuSO4 · 3H2O
Colour:
Pale blue
Specific Gravity:
2.663
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
Named in honor of Stefano A. Bonatti (24 May 1902, Turin, Italy – 23 April 1968, Pisa, Italy), petrologist, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
718
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:718:8
Similar Names
IMA Classification of Bonattite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
IMA Formula:
Cu(SO4) · 3H2O
First published:
1957
Classification of Bonattite
7.CB.10
7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
C : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) without additional anions, with H2O
B : With only medium-sized cations
7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
C : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) without additional anions, with H2O
B : With only medium-sized cations
25.2.2
25 : Sulphates
2 : Sulphates of Cu and Ag
25 : Sulphates
2 : Sulphates of Cu and Ag
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Bon | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Bonattite
Transparency:
Translucent
Colour:
Pale blue
Density:
2.663 g/cm3 (Measured) 2.68 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Comment:
Measured on synthetic material
Optical Data of Bonattite
Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 1.554 nβ = 1.577 nγ = 1.618
2V:
Measured: 71° to 79°
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.064
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
none
Chemistry of Bonattite
Mindat Formula:
CuSO4 · 3H2O
Element Weights:
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Bonattite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
m - Domatic
Space Group:
Bb
Setting:
Cc
Cell Parameters:
a = 5.592(5) Å, b = 13.029(10) Å, c = 7.341(6) Å
β = 97.1°
β = 97.1°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.429 : 1 : 0.563
Unit Cell V:
530.75 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Comment:
Space group from synthetic
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0009338 | Bonattite | Zahrobsky R F, Baur W H (1968) On the crystal chemistry of salt hydrates. V. The determination of the crystal structure of CuSO4*3H2O (bonattite) Acta Crystallographica B24 508-513 |  | 1968 | synthetic | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 4.40 Å | (100) |
| 3.24 Å | (67) |
| 5.09 Å | (65) |
| 3.65 Å | (54) |
| 3.42 Å | (50) |
| 2.814 Å | (43) |
| 3.00 Å | (39) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 45b : [Other oxidized fumarolic minerals] | |
| 47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
| 47b : [Sulfates and sulfites] |
Type Occurrence of Bonattite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Concretions composed of minute individuals
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
University of Florence, Florence, Italy, 1973/I.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Secondary mineral in a pyrite deposit.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Other Language Names for Bonattite
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
| 2 photos of Bonattite associated with Metavoltine | K2Na6Fe2+Fe3+6O2(SO4)12 · 18H2O |
| 1 photo of Bonattite associated with Poitevinite | (Cu,Fe)SO4 · H2O |
| 1 photo of Bonattite associated with Boyleite | ZnSO4 · 4H2O |
| 1 photo of Bonattite associated with Caracolite | Na3Pb2(SO4)3Cl |
| 1 photo of Bonattite associated with Dolerophanite | Cu2(SO4)O |
| 1 photo of Bonattite associated with Euchlorine | KNaCu3(SO4)3O |
| 1 photo of Bonattite associated with Piypite | K4Cu4O2(SO4)4 · (Na,Cu)Cl |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 7.CB. | Sarvodaite | Al2(SO4)3 · 5H2O |
| 7.CB.02 | Voudourisite | CdSO4 · H2O |
| 7.CB.05 | Szmikite | MnSO4 · H2O |
| 7.CB.05 | Szomolnokite | FeSO4 · H2O |
| 7.CB.05 | Cobaltkieserite | CoSO4 · H2O |
| 7.CB.05 | Dwornikite | Ni(SO4) · H2O |
| 7.CB.05 | Kieserite | MgSO4 · H2O |
| 7.CB.05 | Poitevinite | (Cu,Fe)SO4 · H2O |
| 7.CB.05 | Gunningite | ZnSO4 · H2O |
| 7.CB.07 | Sanderite | MgSO4 · 2H2O |
| 7.CB.12 | Belogubite | CuZn(SO4)2 · 10H2O |
| 7.CB.15 | Drobecite | CdSO4 · 4H2O |
| 7.CB.15 | Aplowite | (Co,Mn,Ni)SO4 · 4H2O |
| 7.CB.15 | Cranswickite | MgSO4 · 4H2O |
| 7.CB.15 | Rozenite | FeSO4 · 4H2O |
| 7.CB.15 | Starkeyite | MgSO4 · 4H2O |
| 7.CB.15 | Ilesite | Mn2+(SO4) · 4H2O |
| 7.CB.15 | Boyleite | ZnSO4 · 4H2O |
| 7.CB.20 | Siderotil | FeSO4 · 5H2O |
| 7.CB.20 | Jôkokuite | MnSO4 · 5H2O |
| 7.CB.20 | Pentahydrite | MgSO4 · 5H2O |
| 7.CB.20 | Chalcanthite | CuSO4 · 5H2O |
| 7.CB.25 | Chvaleticeite | Mn(SO4) · 6H2O |
| 7.CB.25 | Nickelhexahydrite | Ni(SO4) · 6H2O |
| 7.CB.25 | Hexahydrite | MgSO4 · 6H2O |
| 7.CB.25 | Bianchite | Zn(SO4) · 6H2O |
| 7.CB.25 | Moorhouseite | Co(SO4) · 6H2O |
| 7.CB.25 | Ferrohexahydrite | FeSO4 · 6H2O |
| 7.CB.30 | Retgersite | NiSO4 · 6H2O |
| 7.CB.35 | Zincmelanterite | (Zn,Cu,Fe)SO4 · 7H2O |
| 7.CB.35 | Melanterite | Fe2+(H2O)6SO4 · H2O |
| 7.CB.35 | Alpersite | (Mg,Cu)(SO4) · 7H2O |
| 7.CB.35 | Bieberite | CoSO4 · 7H2O |
| 7.CB.35 | Boothite | CuSO4 · 7H2O |
| 7.CB.35 | Mallardite | MnSO4 · 7H2O |
| 7.CB.40 | Epsomite | MgSO4 · 7H2O |
| 7.CB.40 | Goslarite | ZnSO4 · 7H2O |
| 7.CB.40 | Morenosite | NiSO4 · 7H2O |
| 7.CB.45 | Meta-alunogen | Al2(SO4)3 · 12H2O |
| 7.CB.45 | Alunogen | Al2(SO4)3 · 17H2O |
| 7.CB.50 | Aluminocoquimbite | Al2Fe2(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2O |
| 7.CB.50 | Lazaridisite | 3CdSO4 · 8H2O |
| 7.CB.52 | Pararaisaite | CuMg[Te6+O4(OH)2] · 6H2O |
| 7.CB.55 | Paracoquimbite | Fe4(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2O |
| 7.CB.55 | Rhomboclase | (H5O2)Fe3+(SO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 7.CB.55 | Raisaite | CuMg[Te6+O4(OH)2] · 6H2O |
| 7.CB.55 | Coquimbite | AlFe3(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2O |
| 7.CB.57 | Caichengyunite | Fe2+3Al2(SO4)6 · 30H2O |
| 7.CB.60 | Kornelite | Fe2(SO4)3 · 7H2O |
| 7.CB.65 | Quenstedtite | Fe2(SO4)3 · 11H2O |
| 7.CB.70 | Lausenite | Fe2(SO4)3 · 5H2O |
| 7.CB.75 | Römerite | Fe2+Fe3+2(SO4)4 · 14H2O |
| 7.CB.75 | Lishizhenite | ZnFe2(SO4)4 · 14H2O |
| 7.CB.80 | Ransomite | CuFe2(SO4)4 · 6H2O |
| 7.CB.85 | Dietrichite | (Zn,Fe2+,Mn2+)Al2(SO4)4 · 22H2O |
| 7.CB.85 | Halotrichite | FeAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O |
| 7.CB.85 | Apjohnite | Mn2+Al2(SO4)4 · 22H2O |
| 7.CB.85 | Redingtonite | (Fe2+,Mg,Ni)(Cr,Al)2(SO4)4 · 22H2O |
| 7.CB.85 | Pickeringite | MgAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O |
| 7.CB.85 | Bílinite | Fe2+Fe3+2(SO4)4 · 22H2O |
| 7.CB.85 | Wupatkiite | (Co,Mg,Ni)Al2(SO4)4 · 22H2O |
| 7.CB.90 | Meridianiite | MgSO4 · 11H2O |
Other Information
Special Storage/
Display Requirements:
Display Requirements:
Water-soluble.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Bonattite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-718.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
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References for Bonattite
Reference List:
Zahrobsky, Robert, Baur, Werner H. (1965) The crystal structure of copper(II) sulfate trihydrate. Die Naturwissenschaften, 52 (13). 389 doi:10.1007/bf00621416
Zahrobsky, R. F.; Baur, W. H. (1968) On the crystal chemistry of salt hydrates. V. The determination of the crystal structure of CuSO4.3H2O (bonattite). Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Crystallography and Crystal Chemistry, 24 (4). 508-513 doi:10.1107/s0567740868002748
Ibrahim, Mukaila A., Boeré, René T. (2022) The copper sulfate hydration cycle. Crystal structures of CuSO4 (Chalcocyanite), CuSO4·H2O (Poitevinite), CuSO4·3H2O (Bonattite) and CuSO4·5H2O (Chalcanthite) at low temperature using non-spherical atomic scattering factors. New Journal of Chemistry, 46 (12) 5479-5488 doi:10.1039/d2nj00169a
Localities for Bonattite
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Australia | |
| Harris et al. (2003) |
Bulgaria | |
| Atanassova et al. (2009) |
Canada | |
| Jambor (1962) |
Chile | |
| Samples analysed by Dr. Jochen Schluter |
| samples analysed by Gerhard Moehn. |
China | |
| Chunqi Wen et al. (2002) |
Fiji | |
| Mineralogical Society of America - ... |
Germany | |
| Schnorrer (2000) |
Greece | |
| Rieck et al. (2018) |
Hungary | |
| Sánoor Szakáll et al. (1997) |
Iran | |
| Khorasanipour et al. (2011) |
Italy | |
| Carbone et al. (2002) |
| Fernando Caboni et al. (2024) |
| Fernando Caboni et al. (2024) | |
| Ciriotti M.E. and Blass.G. (2010) |
| C.L. Garavelli (1957) |
Kazakhstan | |
| Furnes et al. (2019) |
Norway | |
| Rune S. Selbekk (2010) |
Russia | |
| Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.) |
| Bortnikova et al. (2017) |
| Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.) |
| D. Krinov data |
| Kasatkin et al. (2014) |
Spain | |
| Valente et al. (2013) |
| Valente et al. (2013) | |
| Joan Abella i Creus (Joanabellacreus@gmail.com) |
Switzerland | |
| Ansermet (2012) |
USA | |
| Grant et al. (2005) |
| Brian Beck Collected |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Kilburn et al. (1996) |
Steamboat Hot Springs, Steamboat Springs Mining District, Washoe County, Nevada, USA