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  • It seems unlikely that Win32 replaces \\?\ with \??\ because they appear to have different meanings in the kernel; the first is (or is supposed to be) the local DOS namespace while the second is the global DOS namespace. Do you have any references? (My reference is the commentary in the Windows Research Kernel source code; however, I haven't verified this experimentally, and since WRK is based on Windows 2003 it might have been changed in later versions.) Commented Aug 2, 2014 at 23:46
  • On the other hand I see the replacement you describe in this question. So perhaps Win32 does just ignore the distinction between the local and global namespaces, or perhaps deliberately changes references to the local namespace to use the global namespace for some reason. Commented Aug 2, 2014 at 23:51
  • On Windows 7, CreateFileW will open a path longer than MAX_PATH with a \??\ prefix as well. CreateDirectoryW does fail, though. Commented Aug 3, 2014 at 0:58
  • Also, what do you mean by \??\ not turning off "automatic expansion"? When I try to open "\??\C:\Windows\..\Windows\notepad.exe" with CreateFileW, it does not work. Commented Aug 3, 2014 at 1:02