WebSafe 3.7en.wikipedia.org
|
|
🏠
Jump to content

Sonipat

Coordinates: 28°59′24″N 77°01′19″E / 28.990°N 77.022°E / 28.990; 77.022
Extended-protected article
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Sonipat
Svarnaprastha
City
Sonipat Junction railway station, Technology Park and Mata Chintapurni Mandir in Sonipat, Haryana
Sonipat is located in Haryana
Sonipat
Sonipat
Location in Haryana, India
Sonipat is located in India
Sonipat
Sonipat
Sonipat (India)
Coordinates: 28°59′24″N 77°01′19″E / 28.990°N 77.022°E / 28.990; 77.022
Country India
StateHaryana
DivisionRohtak
DistrictSonipat
Government
 • TypeMunicipal corporation
 • BodySonipat Municipal Corporation
 • MayorRajeev Jain (BJP)
 • Lok Sabha MPSatpal Brahamchari (INC)
 • MLANikhil Madaan (BJP)
 • Municipal CommissionerSunita Verma, IAS[2]
Area
[3]
 • Total
181 km2 (70 sq mi)
Elevation
224.15 m (735.4 ft)
Population
 • Total
277,053
[1]
Languages[4][5]
 • OfficialHindi
 • Additional officialPunjabi
 • RegionalHaryanvi[6]
Time zoneUTC+5.30 (Indian Standard Time)
PIN
131001
Telephone Code+91-130
ISO 3166 codeIN-HR
Vehicle registrationHR-10, HR-69(Commercial Vehicles), HR-99(Temporary), DL-14 Sonipat (Delhi NCR), HR-86
Sex Ratio1.19
Effective literacy85.48%
Websitesonipat.gov.in

Sonipat is a planned industrial city and administrative headquarter in Sonipat district of Haryana state of India. It comes under the National Capital Region and is around 45 kilometres (28 mi) from New Delhi. It lies 214 km (128 miles) southwest of Chandigarh, the state capital. The Yamuna River runs along its eastern boundary. Sonipat was historically known as Swarnprastha.

On 22 December 1972, Sonipat was designated a full-fledged district. Sonipat Junction railway station is the main railway junction on Delhi-Kalka line. It lies on Delhi Western Peripheral Expressway, Eastern Peripheral Expressway (NE II) and Grand Trunk Road (NH 44) as well as the planned Delhi–Sonipat–Panipat Regional Rapid Transit System.

Etymology

According to legend, Sonipat was earlier known as Swarnprastha, (lit. 'Golden City').[7][8] which later on became Swarnpath, and then Sonipat.[9]

History

References to the city are found in the epic Mahabharata as Svarnaprastha. It was one of the five villages demanded by Pandavas as the price of peace from Duryodhan in lieu of the kingdom Hastinapur. The other four villages were Panduprastha (Panipat), Vyaghraprastha (Baghpat), Tilaprastha (Tilpat) and Indraprastha (Delhi).[10]

Sonipat is listed in the Ain-i-Akbari as a pargana under Delhi sarkar, producing a revenue of 7,727,323 dam coins for the imperial treasury and supplying a force of 1000 infantry and 70 cavalry. It had a brick fort at the time, which was also mentioned.[11]

Sonipat came under Islamic rule after the Second Battle of Tarain in 1193. The Sikhs under Banda Singh Bahadur fought the Battle of Sonipat against the Mughals in 1709. Khanda village witnessed the Battle of Sonipat and won the battle against Mughals under the military leadership of Banda Singh Bahadur.[12]

Geography and topography

Sonipat is located at 28°59′N 77°01′E / 28.98°N 77.02°E / 28.98; 77.02.[13]

Climate

Climate data for Sonipat
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 21
(70) 		24
(75) 		30
(86) 		37
(99) 		40
(104) 		38
(100) 		35
(95) 		34
(93) 		34
(93) 		33
(91) 		28
(82) 		22
(72) 		31
(88)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 8
(46) 		11
(52) 		16
(61) 		22
(72) 		27
(81) 		28
(82) 		28
(82) 		27
(81) 		26
(79) 		21
(70) 		14
(57) 		9
(48) 		20
(68)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 19.7
(0.78) 		24.6
(0.97) 		24.6
(0.97) 		10.1
(0.40) 		40.7
(1.60) 		96.9
(3.81) 		190
(7.5) 		201
(7.9) 		134.3
(5.29) 		12
(0.5) 		4
(0.2) 		10
(0.4) 		767.9
(30.32)
Average relative humidity (%) 66 58 47 32 35 53 68 71 66 55 51 63 55
Source: https://www.worldweatheronline.com/sonipat-weather-averages/haryana/in.aspx

Demographics

According to the 2011 Indian Census provisional reports, population of Sonipat in 2011 is 277,053. The total number of literates in Sonipat city is 215,609, of which 121,821 are males while 93,788 are females. The effective average literacy rate of Sonipat is 87.56 percent of which male and female literacy was 93.21 and 81.17 percent. The sex ratio of Sonipat city is 873 per 1000 males. The child sex ratio of girls is 788 per 1000 boys.[1]

Religion

City

Religion in Sonipat City
Religion Population (1911)[14] Percentage (1911) Population (1941)[15]: 30  Percentage (1941) Population (2023) Percentage (2023)
Hinduism [a] 4,794 39.9% 7,706 43.34% 270,837 93.61 %
Islam 6,510 54.19% 8,933 50.24% 11,394 3.94%
Jain Not known Not known Not known Not known 3,532 1.22 %
Sikhism 6 0.05% 226 1.27% 1,903 0.66 %
Christianity 56 0.47% 13 0.07% 484 0.17 %
Others[b] 648 5.39% 903 5.08% 1,008 0.35 %
Total Population 12,014 100% 17,781 100% 382,000 100%

Tehsil (district)

Religion in Sonipat Tehsil (District)
Religion Population (1941)[15]: 58  Percentage (1941) Population (2023) Percentage (2023)
Hinduism [a] 176,709 81.81% 1,584,770 95.87%
Islam 35,275 16.33% 51,414 3.11%
Jain Not Known Not known 6,878 0.41%
Sikhism 613 0.28% 5,112 0.30%
Christianity 724 0.34% 1,602 0.09%
Others[c] 2,687 1.24% 3226 0.19%
Total Population 216,008 100% 1,653,001 100%

Government and politics

Municipal corporation

Sonipat Municipal Corporation is the governing civic body of the Urban Area in Sonipat. The Municipal Committee Sonipat was established in the year 1933.[16]

Sonipat Lok Sabha

Sonipat (Lok Sabha constituency) is one of the 10 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Haryana state in northern India. Satpal Brahmchari from Congress party (INC) is Member of Parliament from Sonipat Seat

Places of interest

Mughal architecture

There are several Mughal buildings on the outskirts of the city, including the Mosque of Abdullah Nasir-ud-din, who was a descendant from Mushid of Iran.

Yamuna River

Main article: Yamuna River

The main water system in the district is the Yamuna River and its irrigation canals. The river flows besides the rural belt in the eastern side of district. It also acts as a natural boundary between the states of Haryana and Uttar Pradesh.

Economy

Industrial estates

See also: Amritsar Delhi Kolkata Industrial Corridor, Eastern Dedicated Freight Corridor, Delhi Western Peripheral Expressway, and National Capital Region (India)

There are six HSIIDC industrial estates namely Sonepat city, Barhi, Kundli, Murthal and Rai. The development of Sonepat Industrial area in the city started in the 1950s with Atlas Cycle.[17] Since then, many small and big industries have been established here. Atlas, E.C.E.[18] or the Birla Factory, OSRAM India (formerly part of E.C.E., but in October 1998 it was acquired by OSRAM[19]).

Rail Coach Naveenikaran Karkhana, Sonipat is a railway coach factory under RVNL which was successfully commissioned in October 2021.The Rail Coach Naveenikaran Karkhana at Sonipat is the first of its kind facility being set up to cater to the mid-life rehabilitation and refurbishment of coaches. The Rolling Stock Complex is designed for sustainable development with Industry 4.0 compliant assembly line.[20]

Transport

The Ministry of Road Transport and Highways proposed the first bus port in Sector 7, Sonipat.[21][22][23] It will be a joint venture between the Government of Haryana and NHAI.[24][21]

The proposed bus stand will be an ultra-modern 'bus port', with infrastructure at par with an international airport.[25][26][23]

Education

Colleges

Universities

Sports

In July 1973 the government established the Motilal Nehru School of Sports, Rai, Sonipat[27] to provide education facilities with extra emphasis on sports. It trains athletes in field hockey, basketball, lawn tennis, equestrianism, gymnastics, swimming, shooting sports, volleyball, boxing, cricket, and football.

Notable people

See also

Notes

  1. ^ a b 1941 census: Including Ad-Dharmis
  2. ^ Including Jainism, Buddhism, Zoroastrianism, Judaism, or not stated
  3. ^ Including Jainism, Buddhism, Zoroastrianism, Judaism, or not stated

References

  1. ^ a b "Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011; Cities having population 1 lakh and above" (PDF). Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 May 2012. Retrieved 26 March 2012.
  2. ^ "Administration : Sonipat Municipal Corporation". 15 June 2024.
  3. ^ "About Sonepat". mcsonepat.gov.in. Retrieved 22 November 2020.
  4. ^ "Report of the Commissioner for linguistic minorities: 52nd report (July 2014 to June 2015)" (PDF). Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities, Ministry of Minority Affairs, Government of India. p. 24. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 November 2016. Retrieved 23 June 2019.
  5. ^ IANS (28 January 2010). "Haryana grants second language status to Punjabi". Hindustan Times. Retrieved 23 June 2019.
  6. ^ "Haryanvi". Ethnologue. Retrieved 8 February 2020.
  7. ^ Gupta, Ramesh Chandra (1985). Urban geography of Delhi-Shahadra. Bhavna Prakashan.
  8. ^ Kauśika, Rs̥hi Jaiminī; Baruā, Jaiminī Kauśika (1967). Maiṃ apane Māravāṛī samāja ko pyāra karatā hūm̐ (in Hindi). Jaiminī-Prakāśana.
  9. ^ Sharma, Chandrapal (1 September 2017). भारतीय संस्कृति और मूल अंकों के स्वर : अंक चक्र : Bhartiya Sanskriti aur Mool Anko ke Swar Ank Chakra (in Hindi). Diamond Pocket Books Pvt Ltd. ISBN 9789352784875.
  10. ^ Gupta, Ramesh Chandra (1985). Urban geography of Delhi-Shahadra. Bhavna Prakashan. p. 29.
  11. ^ Abu'l-Fazl ibn Mubarak; Jarrett, Henry Sullivan (translator) (1891). The Ain-i-Akbari. Calcutta: Asiatic Society of Bengal. p. 287. Retrieved 21 January 2021. {{cite book}}: |first2= has generic name (help)
  12. ^ Sikhs In The Eighteenth Century. p. 28.
  13. ^ "Maps, Weather, and Airports for Sonipat, India". www.fallingrain.com.
  14. ^ "Census of India 1911. Vol. 14, Punjab. Pt. 1, Report". Retrieved 22 July 2022.
  15. ^ a b "CENSUS OF INDIA, 1941 VOLUME VI PUNJAB PROVINCE". Retrieved 22 July 2022.
  16. ^ "About Us". mcsonepat.gov.in. Retrieved 11 January 2021.
  17. ^ "Atlas Cycles (Haryana) Ltd., Sonepat (India)". www.atlascyclesonepat.com.
  18. ^ "ECE Industries Ltd". www.eceindustriesltd.com.
  19. ^ Osram Sylvania. "OSRAM Americas | OSRAM SYLVANIA Homepage". Osramindia.com. Retrieved 1 July 2019.
  20. ^ "Hon'ble MP Lok Sabha, Ramesh Chander inspected Naveenikaran Karkhana, Sonipat project".
  21. ^ a b "सेक्टर-7 में बस पोर्ट काे सीएम की मंजूरी". Dainik Bhaskar (in Hindi). 20 July 2019. Retrieved 26 August 2020.
  22. ^ "World-class bus port to come up in Sonipat - Times of India". The Times of India. 2 June 2018. Retrieved 6 June 2019.
  23. ^ a b "बसपोर्ट के लिए दस एकड़ जमीन सेंट्रल ट्रांसपोर्ट के नाम होगी". Dainik Bhaskar (in Hindi). 31 August 2019. Retrieved 26 August 2020.
  24. ^ "सोनीपत में बनेगा प्रदेश का पहला बस पोर्ट". दैनिक ट्रिब्यून (in Hindi). 16 March 2019. Retrieved 6 June 2019.
  25. ^ "बसपोर्ट के लिए कार्रवाई तेज, एनएच-44 पर फ्लाईओवर या अंडरपास का प्रस्ताव". Dainik Bhaskar (in Hindi). 24 August 2020. Retrieved 26 August 2020.
  26. ^ "Haryana".
  27. ^ "Motilal Nehru School of SportsRai". Motilal Nehru School of SportsRai.
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Sonipat.
Wikiquote has quotations related to Sonipat.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sonipat&oldid=1334700413"